महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-344, verse-3

ईप्सितस्येव संप्राप्तिरन्नस्य समयेऽतिथेः ।
एषितस्यात्मनः काले वृद्धस्येव सुतो यथा ॥३॥

3. īpsitasyeva saṁprāptirannasya samaye'titheḥ ,
eṣitasyātmanaḥ kāle vṛddhasyeva suto yathā.

3. īpsitasya eva samprāptiḥ annasya samaye atitheḥ
eṣitasya ātmanaḥ kāle vṛddhasya eva sutaḥ yathā

3. atitheḥ samaye īpsitasya annasya samprāptiḥ eva
vṛddhasya kāle eṣitasya ātmanaḥ sutaḥ iva yathā

3. It is like the timely attainment of desired food for a guest, or like a longed-for son (ātman) appearing at the right time for an old person.

Words meanings summery:

• ईप्सितस्य (īpsitasya) - Refers to the desired food. (of what is desired, of the desired)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the comparison. (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• सम्प्राप्तिः (samprāptiḥ) - The arrival of food or a son. (attainment, arrival, acquisition)

• अन्नस्य (annasya) - of food, of grain

• समये (samaye) - at the proper time, in due season

• अतिथेः (atitheḥ) - of a guest

• एषितस्य (eṣitasya) - Of the desired son/offspring. (of the desired, of the sought)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - Of a desired offspring or successor, likened to a son. (of the self (ātman), of a person, of an offspring)

• काले (kāle) - At the appropriate or opportune time. (at the time, in due course)

• वृद्धस्य (vṛddhasya) - of an old person, of an elder

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - a son, offspring

• यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison. (just as, as, according to)

Words meanings and morphology

ईप्सितस्य (īpsitasya) - Refers to the desired food. (of what is desired, of the desired)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of īpsita

īpsita - desired, wished for, sought

Past Passive Participle (intensive desiderative of 'āp')

From desiderative stem 'īps' (from root 'āp' to obtain) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'annasya' (by implication) or stands alone as 'of the desired'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the comparison. (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Paired with 'yathā' later to mean 'just as... so too'.

सम्प्राप्तिः (samprāptiḥ) - The arrival of food or a son. (attainment, arrival, acquisition)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samprāpti

samprāpti - attainment, arrival, acquisition, reaching

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra', and 'kti' suffix.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Subject of the implied comparison clause.

अन्नस्य (annasya) - of food, of grain

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, meal

Past Passive Participle (of 'ad', to eat) used as a noun.

From root 'ad' (to eat) + 'kta' suffix (irregular formation).

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of attainment ('samprāptiḥ').

समये (samaye) - at the proper time, in due season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - time, occasion, agreement, convention

From 'sam-i' (to come together, agree) + 'ac' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to the opportune time.

अतिथेः (atitheḥ) - of a guest

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger

From 'a' (not) + 'tithi' (fixed time/date), hence one who arrives without a fixed date.

Note: Receiver of the food/benefit.

एषितस्य (eṣitasya) - Of the desired son/offspring. (of the desired, of the sought)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of eṣita

eṣita - desired, wished for, sought after

Past Passive Participle

From root 'eṣ' (to seek, desire) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: eṣ (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - Of a desired offspring or successor, likened to a son. (of the self (ātman), of a person, of an offspring)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, person, essence, offspring

From root 'an' (to breathe) + 'manin' suffix.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: In context of 'suta', it suggests an offspring or successor.

काले (kāle) - At the appropriate or opportune time. (at the time, in due course)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, opportunity

From root 'kal' (to count, compute).

Root: kal (class 10)

वृद्धस्य (vṛddhasya) - of an old person, of an elder

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied person.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - a son, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle (of 'sū', to beget) used as a noun.

From root 'sū' (to beget, produce) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - Introduces a comparison. (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb, often paired with 'eva' or 'tathā'.