महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-257, verse-6

तस्मात्प्रमाणतः कार्यो धर्मः सूक्ष्मो विजानता ।
अहिंसैव हि सर्वेभ्यो धर्मेभ्यो ज्यायसी मता ॥६॥

6. tasmātpramāṇataḥ kāryo dharmaḥ sūkṣmo vijānatā ,
ahiṁsaiva hi sarvebhyo dharmebhyo jyāyasī matā.

6. tasmāt pramāṇataḥ kāryaḥ dharmaḥ sūkṣmaḥ vijānatā
ahiṃsā eva hi sarvebhyaḥ dharmebhyaḥ jyāyasī matā

6. tasmāt vijānatā sūkṣmaḥ dharmaḥ pramāṇataḥ kāryaḥ
ahiṃsā eva hi sarvebhyaḥ dharmebhyaḥ jyāyasī matā

6. Therefore, the subtle (dharma) must be practiced according to proper authority by a discerning person. Indeed, non-violence (ahiṃsā) alone is considered superior to all other principles of righteousness (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• प्रमाणतः (pramāṇataḥ) - according to proper authority, by means of proof, by measure, exactly

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be practiced (to be done, to be performed, ought to be done)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)

• सूक्ष्मः (sūkṣmaḥ) - subtle, minute, profound, difficult to perceive

• विजानता (vijānatā) - by a discerning person, by one who knows, by the wise

• अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-injury

• एव (eva) - alone (emphasizing ahiṃsā) (only, just, indeed, alone)

• हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, certainly, because, for)

• सर्वेभ्यः (sarvebhyaḥ) - than all (as part of a comparative) (to all, for all, than all)

• धर्मेभ्यः (dharmebhyaḥ) - than other principles of righteousness (dharma) (to the dharmas, for the dharmas, than the dharmas)

• ज्यायसी (jyāyasī) - superior, greater, mightier

• मता (matā) - is considered (implies 'by others' or 'it is a common opinion') (considered, thought, believed)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रमाणतः (pramāṇataḥ) - according to proper authority, by means of proof, by measure, exactly

(indeclinable)

From pra- (prefix) + root mā (to measure)

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Formed by the suffix -taḥ from the noun `pramāṇa`.

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be practiced (to be done, to be performed, ought to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, work

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, to make) + -ya suffix (gerundive)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)

From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सूक्ष्मः (sūkṣmaḥ) - subtle, minute, profound, difficult to perceive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, profound, difficult to perceive

From root suc (to be bright) or sūc (to indicate)

Root: suc (class 1)

विजानता (vijānatā) - by a discerning person, by one who knows, by the wise

(adjective)

Instrumental, singular of vijānat

vijānat - knowing, discerning, wise

Present Active Participle

From vi- (prefix) + root jñā (to know) + -at suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to 'by one who knows/understands'.

अहिंसा (ahiṁsā) - non-violence, non-injury

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-injury

From a- (negation) + hiṃsā (violence)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• hiṃsā – violence, injury
  noun (feminine)
  From root hiṃs (to injure)
  Root: hiṃs (class 10)

एव (eva) - alone (emphasizing ahiṃsā) (only, just, indeed, alone)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, certainly, because, for)

(indeclinable)

सर्वेभ्यः (sarvebhyaḥ) - than all (as part of a comparative) (to all, for all, than all)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Can also be dative plural. Here, ablative for 'than all'.

धर्मेभ्यः (dharmebhyaḥ) - than other principles of righteousness (dharma) (to the dharmas, for the dharmas, than the dharmas)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma)

From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Can also be dative plural. Here, ablative for 'than the dharmas'.

ज्यायसी (jyāyasī) - superior, greater, mightier

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jyāyas

jyāyas - superior, greater, mightier (comparative of bahu/guru/vṛddha)

Comparative suffix -īyas

Note: Agrees with `ahiṃsā`.

मता (matā) - is considered (implies 'by others' or 'it is a common opinion') (considered, thought, believed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mata

mata - thought, considered, believed, opinion

Past Passive Participle

From root man (to think, to believe) + -ta suffix

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Here used predicatively, implies 'it is considered'.