महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-257, verse-2

छिन्नस्थूणं वृषं दृष्ट्वा विरावं च गवां भृशम् ।
गोग्रहे यज्ञवाटस्य प्रेक्षमाणः स पार्थिवः ॥२॥

2. chinnasthūṇaṁ vṛṣaṁ dṛṣṭvā virāvaṁ ca gavāṁ bhṛśam ,
gograhe yajñavāṭasya prekṣamāṇaḥ sa pārthivaḥ.

2. chinna-sthūṇam vṛṣam dṛṣṭvā virāvam ca gavām bhṛśam
| go-grahe yajña-vāṭasya prekṣamāṇaḥ saḥ pārthivaḥ

2. saḥ pārthivaḥ,
yajñavāṭasya gograhe chinna-sthūṇam vṛṣam ca gavām bhṛśam virāvam dṛṣṭvā,
prekṣamāṇaḥ (āsīt)

2. That king, observing a bull whose pillar was broken and hearing the loud cries of the cows in the cattle enclosure of the sacred ritual (yajña) ground, then...

Words meanings summery:

• छिन्न-स्थूणम् (chinna-sthūṇam) - having a broken pillar, with its post severed

• वृषम् (vṛṣam) - a bull

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• विरावम् (virāvam) - loud cry, great roar

• च (ca) - and

• गवाम् (gavām) - of the cows

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

• गो-ग्रहे (go-grahe) - in the cattle enclosure, at the place of cattle-catching

• यज्ञ-वाटस्य (yajña-vāṭasya) - of the sacred ritual (yajña) enclosure, of the sacrificial ground

• प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, looking at

• सः (saḥ) - that

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, ruler

Words meanings and morphology

छिन्न-स्थूणम् (chinna-sthūṇam) - having a broken pillar, with its post severed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chinna-sthūṇa

chinna-sthūṇa - having a broken pillar

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+sthūṇa)

• chinna – broken, severed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root 'chid' (to cut, to break) + 'kta'
  Root: chid (class 7)
• sthūṇa – pillar, post
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'vṛṣam'.

वृषम् (vṛṣam) - a bull

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣa

vṛṣa - bull, male, chief

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (1st class) + 'ktvā' suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विरावम् (virāvam) - loud cry, great roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virāva

virāva - loud cry, roar, sound

Root 'ru' (to cry, to roar) with 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vṛṣam' and 'virāvam'.

गवाम् (gavām) - of the cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, cattle

o-stem noun

Note: Possessive, related to 'virāvam'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'virāvam'.

गो-ग्रहे (go-grahe) - in the cattle enclosure, at the place of cattle-catching

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of go-graha

go-graha - cattle enclosure, cow-pen, cow-catching

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+graha)

• go – cow, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• graha – seizing, taking, enclosure
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'grah' (to seize)
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Place where the event occurs.

यज्ञ-वाटस्य (yajña-vāṭasya) - of the sacred ritual (yajña) enclosure, of the sacrificial ground

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yajña-vāṭa

yajña-vāṭa - sacrificial ground, ritual enclosure (yajña)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+vāṭa)

• yajña – ritual, Vedic ceremony (yajña)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yaj' (to worship)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• vāṭa – enclosure, fence, area
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, related to 'go-grahe'.

प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, looking at

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣ - to look, to see, to observe

Present Middle Participle

From root 'īkṣ' (to see) with 'pra', present participle, middle voice

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'pārthivaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'pārthivaḥ'.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, prince, ruler (lit. 'of the earth')

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'was').