महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-257, verse-3

स्वस्ति गोभ्योऽस्तु लोकेषु ततो निर्वचनं कृतम् ।
हिंसायां हि प्रवृत्तायामाशीरेषानुकल्पिता ॥३॥

3. svasti gobhyo'stu lokeṣu tato nirvacanaṁ kṛtam ,
hiṁsāyāṁ hi pravṛttāyāmāśīreṣānukalpitā.

3. svasti gobhyaḥ astu lokeṣu tataḥ nirvacanam kṛtam
| hiṃsāyām hi pravṛttāyām āśīḥ eṣā anukalpitā

3. lokeṣu gobhyaḥ svasti astu (iti) tataḥ nirvacanam kṛtam hiṃsāyām hi pravṛttāyām,
eṣā āśīḥ anukalpitā (abhavat)

3. "May there be well-being for cows in all worlds!" This declaration was made subsequently, [stating that] "This blessing was indeed prescribed when violence became prevalent."

Words meanings summery:

• स्वस्ति (svasti) - well-being, welfare, prosperity

• गोभ्यः (gobhyaḥ) - for the cows

• अस्तु (astu) - let there be, may there be

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• निर्वचनम् (nirvacanam) - an explanation, a declaration, an exposition

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done, was made

• हिंसायाम् (hiṁsāyām) - in violence, when violence (was present)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• प्रवृत्तायाम् (pravṛttāyām) - having begun, being prevalent, having occurred

• आशीः (āśīḥ) - blessing, benediction

• एषा (eṣā) - this

• अनुकल्पिता (anukalpitā) - was ordained, was prescribed, was arranged

Words meanings and morphology

स्वस्ति (svasti) - well-being, welfare, prosperity

(indeclinable)

गोभ्यः (gobhyaḥ) - for the cows

(noun)

Dative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, cattle

o-stem noun

Note: The dative case is used with 'svasti'.

अस्तु (astu) - let there be, may there be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

imperative active

Root 'as' (2nd class) - imperative 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

निर्वचनम् (nirvacanam) - an explanation, a declaration, an exposition

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirvacana

nirvacana - declaration, explanation, definition

From 'vac' with 'nir'

Prefix: nis

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done, was made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) + 'kta'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for 'nirvacanam'.

हिंसायाम् (hiṁsāyām) - in violence, when violence (was present)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of hiṃsā

hiṁsā - violence, injury, harm

From root 'hiṃs' (to injure)

Root: hiṃs (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'pravṛttāyām'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

प्रवृत्तायाम् (pravṛttāyām) - having begun, being prevalent, having occurred

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, set in motion, active, prevalent

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist) with 'pra', past passive participle

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hiṃsāyām' in a locative absolute construction.

आशीः (āśīḥ) - blessing, benediction

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āśīs

āśīs - blessing, benediction, prayer

s-stem feminine noun

Note: Subject of 'anukalpitā'.

एषा (eṣā) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'āśīḥ'.

अनुकल्पिता (anukalpitā) - was ordained, was prescribed, was arranged

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anukalpita

anukalpita - ordained, prescribed, prepared, arranged

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kḷp' (to arrange, to prepare) with 'anu', past passive participle

Prefix: anu

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Predicate for 'āśīḥ'.