महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-244, verse-4

चरणं मारुतात्मेति प्राणापानौ च तन्मयौ ।
स्पर्शनं चेन्द्रियं विद्यात्तथा स्पर्शं च तन्मयम् ॥४॥

4. caraṇaṁ mārutātmeti prāṇāpānau ca tanmayau ,
sparśanaṁ cendriyaṁ vidyāttathā sparśaṁ ca tanmayam.

4. caraṇam marutātma iti prāṇāpānau ca tanmayau
sparśanam ca indriyam vidyāt tathā sparśam ca tanmayam

4. caraṇam marutātma iti prāṇāpānau ca tanmayau
sparśanam ca indriyam tathā sparśam ca tanmayam vidyāt

4. Movement (caraṇa) is considered to be of the nature of wind (mārutātman), and the vital breaths prāṇa and apāna are also composed of it. One should similarly recognize the sense organ of touch (sparśana) and its quality, touch (sparśa), as being composed of it.

Words meanings summery:

• चरणम् (caraṇam) - the quality of movement or activity (movement, foot, conduct)

• मरुतात्म (marutātma) - having wind (marut) as its essential nature (having wind as its self/essence, of the nature of wind)

• इति (iti) - signifying 'thus understood' or 'so-called' (thus, so, in this manner)

• प्राणापानौ (prāṇāpānau) - the two vital breaths, prāṇa and apāna (prāṇa and apāna (two vital airs))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तन्मयौ (tanmayau) - composed of wind (marut) (consisting of that, composed of that)

• स्पर्शनम् (sparśanam) - the sense organ of touch (sense of touch, skin, touching)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इन्द्रियम् (indriyam) - a sense organ (sense organ, faculty)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should understand (one should know, he should know)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - the quality of touch (touch, contact)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तन्मयम् (tanmayam) - composed of wind (marut) (consisting of that, composed of that)

Words meanings and morphology

चरणम् (caraṇam) - the quality of movement or activity (movement, foot, conduct)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of caraṇa

caraṇa - moving, walking, foot, conduct, practice

From root `car` (to move).

Root: car (class 1)

मरुतात्म (marutātma) - having wind (marut) as its essential nature (having wind as its self/essence, of the nature of wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of marutātman

marutātman - whose self is wind; of the nature of wind

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (marut+ātman)

• marut – wind, air, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `caraṇam`.

इति (iti) - signifying 'thus understood' or 'so-called' (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

प्राणापानौ (prāṇāpānau) - the two vital breaths, prāṇa and apāna (prāṇa and apāna (two vital airs))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prāṇāpāna

prāṇāpāna - prāṇa and apāna (vital airs)

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (prāṇa+apāna)

• prāṇa – life breath, vital air, energy
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• apāna – downward-moving vital air, breath
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: an (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तन्मयौ (tanmayau) - composed of wind (marut) (consisting of that, composed of that)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tanmaya

tanmaya - consisting of that, composed of that, absorbed in that

Formed from `tad` (that) + `maya` (made of).

Note: Agrees with `prāṇāpānau`.

स्पर्शनम् (sparśanam) - the sense organ of touch (sense of touch, skin, touching)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sparśana

sparśana - touching, feeling, the sense of touch, skin

From root `spṛś` (to touch).

Root: spṛś (class 6)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रियम् (indriyam) - a sense organ (sense organ, faculty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty, power, vitality

From `indra` (lord, ruler) + `īya` suffix.

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should understand (one should know, he should know)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vid

Optative Mood, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

From root `vid`.

Root: vid (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - the quality of touch (touch, contact)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, feeling

From root `spṛś` (to touch).

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Object of `vidyāt`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तन्मयम् (tanmayam) - composed of wind (marut) (consisting of that, composed of that)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tanmaya

tanmaya - consisting of that, composed of that, absorbed in that

Formed from `tad` (that) + `maya` (made of).

Note: Agrees with `sparśanam` and `sparśam`.