महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-225, verse-5

अपामपि गुणांस्तात ज्योतिराददते यदा ।
आपस्तदा आत्तगुणा ज्योतिष्युपरमन्ति च ॥५॥

5. apāmapi guṇāṁstāta jyotirādadate yadā ,
āpastadā āttaguṇā jyotiṣyuparamanti ca.

5. apām api guṇān tāta jyotiḥ ādadate yadā
āpaḥ tadā āttaguṇā jyotiṣi uparamanti ca

5. tāta,
yadā jyotiḥ apām api guṇān ādadate,
tadā āttaguṇāḥ āpaḥ jyotiṣi ca uparamanti

5. O dear one, when the fire (jyotis) absorbs the qualities even from the waters, then the waters, having had their qualities taken away, subside into the fire.

Words meanings summery:

• अपाम् (apām) - of the waters

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes

• तात (tāta) - a term of endearment or respect, often from an elder to a younger person or a subordinate (O dear one, O father, my son)

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, fire

• आददते (ādadate) - it takes, it absorbs, it withdraws

• यदा (yadā) - when

• आपः (āpaḥ) - waters

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आत्तगुणा (āttaguṇā) - the waters, having had their intrinsic qualities of liquidity and taste withdrawn (whose qualities have been taken, deprived of qualities)

• ज्योतिषि (jyotiṣi) - in light, in fire

• उपरमन्ति (uparamanti) - the waters cease to exist as distinct entities and merge into fire (they cease, they subside, they come to rest)

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

अपाम् (apām) - of the waters

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Note: Irregular feminine plural noun.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue, strand

तात (tāta) - a term of endearment or respect, often from an elder to a younger person or a subordinate (O dear one, O father, my son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, father, son (term of endearment)

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, fire

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, radiance, fire, star

आददते (ādadate) - it takes, it absorbs, it withdraws

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dā

With 'ā', it means 'to take, to receive, to withdraw'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Root 'dā' (3rd class, middle voice) with prefix 'ā'. Conjugated as singular here, agreeing with 'jyotiḥ'.

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

आपः (āpaḥ) - waters

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Note: Irregular feminine plural noun.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आत्तगुणा (āttaguṇā) - the waters, having had their intrinsic qualities of liquidity and taste withdrawn (whose qualities have been taken, deprived of qualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āttaguṇa

āttaguṇa - whose qualities have been taken, deprived of qualities

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ātta+guṇa)

• ātta – taken, seized, received
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dā' with 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• guṇa – quality, attribute
  noun (masculine)

Note: Feminine nominative plural, agreeing with 'āpaḥ'.

ज्योतिषि (jyotiṣi) - in light, in fire

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, radiance, fire, star

उपरमन्ति (uparamanti) - the waters cease to exist as distinct entities and merge into fire (they cease, they subside, they come to rest)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ram

With 'upa', it means 'to cease, to subside, to come to rest, to merge'.

Prefix: upa

Root: ram (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)