महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-225, verse-12

तं तु कालेन महता संकल्पः कुरुते वशे ।
चित्तं ग्रसति संकल्पस्तच्च ज्ञानमनुत्तमम् ॥१२॥

12. taṁ tu kālena mahatā saṁkalpaḥ kurute vaśe ,
cittaṁ grasati saṁkalpastacca jñānamanuttamam.

12. tam tu kālena mahatā saṅkalpaḥ kurute vaśe
cittam grasati saṅkalpaḥ tat ca jñānam anuttamam

12. tu kālena mahatā saṅkalpaḥ tam vaśe kurute
saṅkalpaḥ cittam grasati ca tat anuttamam jñānam

12. But that (state) is brought under control by great resolve (saṅkalpa) over a long period. Resolve (saṅkalpa) then absorbs the mind (citta), and that is the supreme knowledge (jñāna).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (state mentioned in the previous verse) (that, him, it)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कालेन (kālena) - over a period of time (by time, in time, through time)

• महता (mahatā) - by a long (duration) (by great, by large)

• सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - resolve, intention, determination, will

• कुरुते (kurute) - brings (under control) (does, makes, performs, places)

• वशे (vaśe) - under control (of saṅkalpa) (in control, under sway, obedient)

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness, thought

• ग्रसति (grasati) - devours, consumes, seizes, absorbs

• सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - resolve, intention, determination, will

• तत् (tat) - that (absorption of the mind by resolve) (that, it)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, wisdom

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, supreme, excellent

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (state mentioned in the previous verse) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers back to the state in the previous verse.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

कालेन (kālena) - over a period of time (by time, in time, through time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, duration, period, fate

Root: kal (class 10)

महता (mahatā) - by a long (duration) (by great, by large)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Derived from root 'mah' (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - resolve, intention, determination, will

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅkalpa

saṅkalpa - resolve, intention, determination, will, mental concept

From 'sam' (together) + root 'kḷp' (to arrange, form).

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

कुरुते (kurute) - brings (under control) (does, makes, performs, places)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'vaśe' to mean 'brings under control'.

वशे (vaśe) - under control (of saṅkalpa) (in control, under sway, obedient)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, sway, obedience

Root: vaś (class 1)

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness, thought

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, heart, understanding

From root 'cit' (to perceive, understand).

Root: cit (class 1)

ग्रसति (grasati) - devours, consumes, seizes, absorbs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gras

Root: gras (class 1)

सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - resolve, intention, determination, will

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅkalpa

saṅkalpa - resolve, intention, determination, will, mental concept

From 'sam' (together) + root 'kḷp' (to arrange, form).

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (absorption of the mind by resolve) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the preceding process as 'that'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Placed after the word it connects.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, wisdom

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding, realization

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, supreme, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, unequalled, supreme, excellent

Negative compound (na-uttama). 'Uttama' means best.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'ud' (up) + 'tam' (superlative suffix).
  Prefix: ud