महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-198, verse-17

एकस्याद्या प्रवृत्तिस्तु प्रधानात्संप्रवर्तते ।
द्वितीया मिथुनव्यक्तिमविशेषान्नियच्छति ॥१७॥

17. ekasyādyā pravṛttistu pradhānātsaṁpravartate ,
dvitīyā mithunavyaktimaviśeṣānniyacchati.

17. ekasyāḥ ādyā pravṛttiḥ tu pradānāt saṃpravartate
dvitīyā mithunavyaktim aviśeṣāt niyacchati

17. ekasyāḥ ādyā pravṛttiḥ tu pradānāt saṃpravartate
dvitīyā mithunavyaktim aviśeṣāt niyacchati

17. The primal evolution (pravṛtti) of the One (Prakṛti) indeed proceeds fully from the Pradhāna. The second (evolutionary stage) determines the manifestation of pairs from the undifferentiated (elements).

Words meanings summery:

• एकस्याः (ekasyāḥ) - of the one (Prakṛti/Pradhāna) (of one, of a single)

• आद्या (ādyā) - the primal, the initial (primal, first, primordial)

• प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - evolution, manifestation of latent potential (activity, evolution, manifestation, tendency)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the statement (but, indeed, moreover)

• प्रदानात् (pradānāt) - from the Pradhāna (primordial nature/prakṛti) (from the chief, from the primal matter, from Pradhāna)

• संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - fully evolves, proceeds forth (proceeds, manifests, begins, evolves fully)

• द्वितीया (dvitīyā) - the second (stage of evolution or manifestation) (second)

• मिथुनव्यक्तिम् (mithunavyaktim) - the manifestation of dualities or pairs (e.g., sense-object, pleasure-pain) (manifestation of a pair, dual manifestation)

• अविशेषात् (aviśeṣāt) - from the subtle, undifferentiated elements (tanmātras in Sāṅkhya) (from the undifferentiated, from the non-specific)

• नियच्छति (niyacchati) - determines, governs the process of (controls, restrains, establishes, determines, governs)

Words meanings and morphology

एकस्याः (ekasyāḥ) - of the one (Prakṛti/Pradhāna) (of one, of a single)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

आद्या (ādyā) - the primal, the initial (primal, first, primordial)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ādya

ādya - first, primal, initial, principal

From ādi (beginning)

प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - evolution, manifestation of latent potential (activity, evolution, manifestation, tendency)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, evolution, manifestation, tendency, initiation

From root vṛt with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the statement (but, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

प्रदानात् (pradānāt) - from the Pradhāna (primordial nature/prakṛti) (from the chief, from the primal matter, from Pradhāna)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, primary, primal matter (Prakṛti in Sāṅkhya)

From root dhā with pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - fully evolves, proceeds forth (proceeds, manifests, begins, evolves fully)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vartate

Present Active

From root vṛt with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

द्वितीया (dvitīyā) - the second (stage of evolution or manifestation) (second)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second, secondary

From dvi (two)

मिथुनव्यक्तिम् (mithunavyaktim) - the manifestation of dualities or pairs (e.g., sense-object, pleasure-pain) (manifestation of a pair, dual manifestation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mithunavyakti

mithunavyakti - manifestation of a pair, dual manifestation, sexual union

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mithuna+vyakti)

• mithuna – pair, couple, union, duality
  noun (neuter)
• vyakti – manifestation, appearance, distinctness
  noun (feminine)
  From root añc with vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añc (class 5)

अविशेषात् (aviśeṣāt) - from the subtle, undifferentiated elements (tanmātras in Sāṅkhya) (from the undifferentiated, from the non-specific)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of aviśeṣa

aviśeṣa - undifferentiated, non-specific, general

a (negation) + viśeṣa

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+viśeṣa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• viśeṣa – distinction, specific, particular
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi

Note: Used substantively as 'from the undifferentiated'.

नियच्छति (niyacchati) - determines, governs the process of (controls, restrains, establishes, determines, governs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yacchati

Present Active

From root yam with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)