महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-179, verse-10

तस्मिन्पञ्चत्वमापन्ने जीवः किमनुधावति ।
किं वेदयति वा जीवः किं शृणोति ब्रवीति वा ॥१०॥

10. tasminpañcatvamāpanne jīvaḥ kimanudhāvati ,
kiṁ vedayati vā jīvaḥ kiṁ śṛṇoti bravīti vā.

10. tasmin pañcatvam āpanne jīvaḥ kim anudhāvati
kim vedayati vā jīvaḥ kim śṛṇoti bravīti vā

10. tasmin pañcatvam āpanne sati jīvaḥ kim anudhāvati
jīvaḥ kim vedayati vā kim śṛṇoti vā bravīti

10. When that (body) has attained its fivefold nature (i.e., disintegrated), what does the individual soul (jīva) pursue? What does the individual soul (jīva) experience, or what does it hear, or speak?

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (body) (in that, when that)

• पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - its fivefold nature, dissolution into five elements (five-ness, the state of being five, dissolution into five elements)

• आपन्ने (āpanne) - when it has attained (when attained, having reached)

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (living being, soul, life principle)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what? why?)

• अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - pursues, follows after (it runs after, follows, pursues)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what? why?)

• वेदयति (vedayati) - experiences, feels (causes to know, makes known, informs, feels, experiences)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (living being, soul, life principle)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what? why?)

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears (he hears, listens)

• ब्रवीति (bravīti) - speaks, says (he speaks, says, declares)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (body) (in that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the body previously mentioned.

पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - its fivefold nature, dissolution into five elements (five-ness, the state of being five, dissolution into five elements)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcatva

pañcatva - five-ness, the state of being five, dissolution into the five elements (death)

From pañca (five) + tva (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Object of āpanne.

आपन्ने (āpanne) - when it has attained (when attained, having reached)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of āpanna

āpanna - attained, reached, obtained, happened

Past Passive Participle

From ā + pad (to go, obtain), suffix -na.

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (living being, soul, life principle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living being, soul, spirit, life, living principle

From root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verbs.

किम् (kim) - what? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Object of anudhāvati.

अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - pursues, follows after (it runs after, follows, pursues)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anudhāv

Present Active Indicative, 3rd person singular

From anu + dhāv (to run).

Prefix: anu

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Predicates the action of jīvaḥ.

किम् (kim) - what? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Object of vedayati.

वेदयति (vedayati) - experiences, feels (causes to know, makes known, informs, feels, experiences)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Active Indicative, 3rd person singular (Causative formation of root vid)

Causative stem vedaya- from root vid (class 2 or 6).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Predicates the action of jīvaḥ.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Disjunctive particle.

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul (jīva) (living being, soul, life principle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living being, soul, spirit, life, living principle

From root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of śṛṇoti and bravīti.

किम् (kim) - what? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Object of śṛṇoti.

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears (he hears, listens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śru

Present Active Indicative, 3rd person singular

Root śru, class 5.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Predicates the action of jīvaḥ.

ब्रवीति (bravīti) - speaks, says (he speaks, says, declares)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Active Indicative, 3rd person singular

Root brū, class 2 (irregular).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Predicates the action of jīvaḥ.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Disjunctive particle.