महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-132, verse-13

इत्यस्मीति वदेदेवं परेषां कीर्तयन्गुणान् ।
जपेदुदकशीलः स्यात्पेशलो नातिजल्पनः ॥१३॥

13. ityasmīti vadedevaṁ pareṣāṁ kīrtayanguṇān ,
japedudakaśīlaḥ syātpeśalo nātijalpanaḥ.

13. iti asmi iti vadet evam pareṣām kīrtayan guṇān
japet udakaśīlaḥ syāt peśalaḥ na atijalpanaḥ

13. evam pareṣām guṇān kīrtayan iti asmi iti vadet
japet udakaśīlaḥ syāt peśalaḥ na atijalpanaḥ

13. One should always speak humbly, saying 'I am thus', while praising the virtues of others. One should also practice silent recitation (japa), maintain purity (by being udakaśīlaḥ), be amiable, and not be excessively talkative.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am, I exist

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation

• वदेत् (vadet) - one should say, one should speak

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, belonging to others

• कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - proclaiming, praising, mentioning

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, attributes

• जपेत् (japet) - one should practice silent recitation (japa) (one should recite silently, one should murmur (mantras))

• उदकशीलः (udakaśīlaḥ) - maintaining purity through ablutions/abstinence (fond of water (for purity), abstemious, of a watery nature)

• स्यात् (syāt) - one should be, it should be

• पेशलः (peśalaḥ) - skillful, beautiful, gentle, amiable, pleasant

• न (na) - not, no

• अतिजल्पनः (atijalpanaḥ) - excessively talkative, prattling much

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice, once for 'asmi' and once for the whole phrase 'asmi iti'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am, I exist

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present active 1st singular.

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

वदेत् (vadet) - one should say, one should speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vad

Optative active 3rd singular.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Expresses a recommendation or injunction.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, belonging to others

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, distant, supreme

कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - proclaiming, praising, mentioning

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtayant

kīrt - to praise, to proclaim, to mention

Present Active Participle

Present active participle (nominative singular masculine) of root 'kīrt' (10th class derivative of 'kṛt').

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Acts as an adjective or adverbial modifier to the implicit subject.

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, merit, strand, primary constituents of nature

Note: Object of 'kīrtayan'.

जपेत् (japet) - one should practice silent recitation (japa) (one should recite silently, one should murmur (mantras))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of jap

Optative active 3rd singular.

Root: jap (class 1)

Note: Expresses a recommendation or injunction.

उदकशीलः (udakaśīlaḥ) - maintaining purity through ablutions/abstinence (fond of water (for purity), abstemious, of a watery nature)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udakaśīla

udakaśīla - fond of water (for purity, bathing), abstemious (drinks only water), of a watery disposition

Compound: 'udaka' (water) + 'śīla' (nature/habit).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (udaka+śīla)

• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
• śīla – nature, habit, custom, conduct, character
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  Root: śīl (class 1)

स्यात् (syāt) - one should be, it should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative active 3rd singular of 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Expresses a recommendation or injunction.

पेशलः (peśalaḥ) - skillful, beautiful, gentle, amiable, pleasant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of peśala

peśala - skillful, artistic, beautiful, gentle, amiable, pleasant

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अतिजल्पनः (atijalpanaḥ) - excessively talkative, prattling much

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atijalpana

atijalpana - excessively talkative, prattling, garrulous

Compound: 'ati' (excessive) + 'jalpana' (talking/prattling, from root 'jalp').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+jalpana)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, excessive
  indeclinable
• jalpana – talking, prattling, chattering
  noun/adjective
  Agent noun or verbal adjective from 'jalp'.
  Root: jalp (class 10)