योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-5, verse-8

तपसा बहुरूपेण यमेन नियमेन च ।
अक्षीणायुरतिष्ठत्स पुरा कल्पचतुष्टयम् ॥ ८ ॥

tapasā bahurūpeṇa yamena niyamena ca ,
akṣīṇāyuratiṣṭhatsa purā kalpacatuṣṭayam 8

8. tapasā bahurūpeṇa yamena niyamena ca |
akṣīṇāyuḥ atiṣṭhat saḥ purā kalpacatuṣṭayam

8. saḥ tapasā bahurūpeṇa yamena niyamena ca
akṣīṇāyuḥ purā kalpacatuṣṭayam atiṣṭhat

8. Through various forms of austerity (tapas), self-restraint (yama), and observances (niyama), he remained for four ancient cosmic cycles (kalpas), his life force undiminished.

8. באמצעות ליבוי עוצמה רוחנית (תַפַּס) מגוון, משמעת וריסון עצמי, הוא עמד מבלי שאורך חייו יתקצר במשך ארבעה עידנים (כַּלְפַּה).

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, penance

• बहुरूपेण (bahurūpeṇa) - of many forms, manifold, various

• यमेन (yamena) - by self-restraint, by moral discipline

• नियमेन (niyamena) - by observance, by spiritual discipline

• च (ca) - and

• अक्षीणायुः (akṣīṇāyuḥ) - with undiminished life, having unimpaired longevity

• अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - he remained, he stood

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, long ago, in olden times

• कल्पचतुष्टयम् (kalpacatuṣṭayam) - four kalpas (cosmic cycles)

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual heat, ascetic practice

बहुरूपेण (bahurūpeṇa) - of many forms, manifold, various

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bahurūpa

bahurūpa - multifarious, having many forms, various

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+rūpa)

• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `tapasā`.

यमेन (yamena) - by self-restraint, by moral discipline

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yama

yama - self-restraint, moral discipline, control (first limb of yoga)

नियमेन (niyamena) - by observance, by spiritual discipline

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niyama

niyama - observance, fixed rule, spiritual discipline (second limb of yoga)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अक्षीणायुः (akṣīṇāyuḥ) - with undiminished life, having unimpaired longevity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣīṇāyus

akṣīṇāyus - undiminished life, long-lived, having unimpaired longevity

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṣīṇa+āyus)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix.
• kṣīṇa – diminished, wasted, exhausted, decayed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `kṣi` (to decay, waste away).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• āyus – life, life-span, longevity
  noun (neuter)

अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - he remained, he stood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Prefix: a

Root: sthā (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुरा (purā) - formerly, long ago, in olden times

(indeclinable)

कल्पचतुष्टयम् (kalpacatuṣṭayam) - four kalpas (cosmic cycles)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kalpacatuṣṭaya

kalpacatuṣṭaya - a group of four kalpas

Compound type : dvigu (kalpa+catuṣṭaya)

• kalpa – cosmic cycle, aeon, a day of Brahmā
  noun (masculine)
• catuṣṭaya – a group of four, a quartet
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `catur` (four) with suffix `-ṭaya`.

Note: Accusative case indicating duration of time.

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