योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-5, verse-13

विद्याधर उवाच ।
मृदूनि परितापीनि दृषद्दृढबलानि च ।
छेदे भेदे च दक्षाणि स्वशस्त्राणीन्द्रियाणि च ॥ १३ ॥

vidyādhara uvāca ,
mṛdūni paritāpīni dṛṣaddṛḍhabalāni ca ,
chede bhede ca dakṣāṇi svaśastrāṇīndriyāṇi ca 13

13. vidyādharaḥ uvāca mṛdūni paritāpīni dṛṣad-dṛḍha-balāni
ca chede bhede ca dakṣāṇi sva-śastrāṇi indriyāṇi ca

13. विद्याधरः उवाच (Vidyādhara said): इन्द्रियाणि (The senses) मृदूनि (are subtle/soft),
परितापीनि (cause distress),
दृषद्दृढबलानि (have strength firm as a rock),
च (and) छेदे (in cutting) च (and) भेदे (in breaking) दक्षाणि (are skilled),
च (and are) स्वशस्त्राणि (one's own weapons).

13. Vidyādhara said: The senses (indriyas) are subtle, cause distress, possess strength as firm as a rock, and are skilled in cutting and breaking; indeed, they are one's own weapons.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्याधरः (vidyādharaḥ) - Vidyādhara (a class of celestial beings, or a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मृदूनि (mṛdūni) - soft, tender, subtle, delicate

• परितापीनि (paritāpīni) - causing distress, afflicting, causing pain

• दृषद्-दृढ-बलानि (dṛṣad-dṛḍha-balāni) - having strength as firm as a rock/stone

• च (ca) - and, also

• छेदे (chede) - in cutting, for cutting

• भेदे (bhede) - in breaking, for breaking, in piercing

• च (ca) - and, also

• दक्षाणि (dakṣāṇi) - skilled, expert, clever

• स्व-शस्त्राणि (sva-śastrāṇi) - one's own weapons

• इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - The senses (indriyas). (the senses, sense organs)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

विद्याधरः (vidyādharaḥ) - Vidyādhara (a class of celestial beings, or a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyādhara

vidyādhara - a class of celestial beings, or a proper name meaning 'knowledge-bearer'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidyā+dhara)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• dhara – bearing, holding, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` with `a` suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd person singular.

Reduplicated perfect (liṭ) form of root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

मृदूनि (mṛdūni) - soft, tender, subtle, delicate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, tender, subtle, delicate

Root: mṛd (class 6)

परितापीनि (paritāpīni) - causing distress, afflicting, causing pain

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of paritāpin

paritāpin - causing distress, afflicting, causing pain, tormenting

From `pari` + `tap` + `in` suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

दृषद्-दृढ-बलानि (dṛṣad-dṛḍha-balāni) - having strength as firm as a rock/stone

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dṛṣad-dṛḍha-bala

dṛṣad-dṛḍha-bala - having strength as firm as a rock/stone

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛṣad+dṛḍha+bala)

• dṛṣad – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• dṛḍha – firm, strong, solid
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dṛh` (to be firm).
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: This compound can be analyzed as `dṛṣad-dṛḍha` (firm as a stone) and then `dṛṣad-dṛḍha-bala` (having firm-as-stone strength).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects adjectives.

छेदे (chede) - in cutting, for cutting

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of cheda

cheda - cutting, breaking, splitting

From root `chid`.

Root: chid (class 7)

भेदे (bhede) - in breaking, for breaking, in piercing

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - breaking, splitting, piercing, distinction

From root `bhid`.

Root: bhid (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `chede` and `bhede`.

दक्षाणि (dakṣāṇi) - skilled, expert, clever

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dakṣa

dakṣa - skilled, expert, clever, capable

From root `dakṣ`.

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

स्व-शस्त्राणि (sva-śastrāṇi) - one's own weapons

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sva-śastra

sva-śastra - one's own weapon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+śastra)

• sva – one's own
  pronoun/adjective (neuter)
• śastra – weapon, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root `śaṃs` (to cut).
  Root: śaṃs (class 1)

इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - The senses (indriyas). (the senses, sense organs)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - the senses, sense organs (power belonging to Indra)

Derived from `indra` (god Indra).

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'are').

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to connect the final attribute.

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