योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-10, verse-1

भुशुण्ड उवाच ।
विद्धि त्वं चेतनादेव चेतनेतरचेतनम् ।
जलेऽग्निरिव चिज्जाड्ये नातो भिन्ने मनागपि ॥ १ ॥

bhuśuṇḍa uvāca ,
viddhi tvaṃ cetanādeva cetanetaracetanam ,
jale'gniriva cijjāḍye nāto bhinne manāgapi 1

1. bhuśuṇḍa uvāca viddhi tvam cetanāt eva cetana itara
cetanam jale agniḥ iva cit jāḍye na ataḥ bhinne manāk api

1. bhuśuṇḍa uvāca.
tvam cetanāt eva cetana itara cetanam viddhi.
jale agniḥ iva,
cit jāḍye (ca) ataḥ manāk api bhinne na (sthaḥ).

1. Bhushunda said: You should know that both the conscious and the unconscious arise from consciousness (cetanā) itself. Just as fire (agni) appears within water, so too consciousness (cit) and inertness are not even slightly distinct from this (original consciousness).

Words meanings summery:

• भुशुण्ड (bhuśuṇḍa) - Bhushunda (Bhushunda (a proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - you should know (know (imperative 2nd singular))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

• चेतनात् (cetanāt) - from consciousness (cetanā) (from consciousness, from intelligence)

• एव (eva) - itself, only (only, just, indeed, merely)

• चेतन (cetana) - the conscious (principle or being) (conscious, intelligent, animated)

• इतर (itara) - other, referring to the unconscious aspect (other, different, distinct)

• चेतनम् (cetanam) - the (other) conscious, or unconscious (thing) (conscious, intelligent; or object of consciousness)

• जले (jale) - in water

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (agni) (fire, flame, god of fire)

• इव (iva) - like, as (like, as, as if)

• चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, knowledge, intelligence)

• जाड्ये (jāḍye) - inertness (inertness, dullness, unconsciousness)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this (i.e., from consciousness) (from this, hence, therefore)

• भिन्ने (bhinne) - distinct, separated (referring to cit and jāḍya as two entities) (distinct, separated, different (dual nominative/accusative, or feminine locative singular))

• मनाक् (manāk) - even slightly (a little, slightly, even a little)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

Words meanings and morphology

भुशुण्ड (bhuśuṇḍa) - Bhushunda (Bhushunda (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhuśuṇḍa

bhuśuṇḍa - name of a legendary ancient sage (often depicted as a crow)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active third singular

perfect tense form from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

विद्धि (viddhi) - you should know (know (imperative 2nd singular))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative active second singular

imperative form from root vid

Root: vid (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

चेतनात् (cetanāt) - from consciousness (cetanā) (from consciousness, from intelligence)

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of cetanā

cetanā - consciousness, intelligence, sentient principle, soul

from root cit (to perceive, observe)

Root: cit (class 1)

एव (eva) - itself, only (only, just, indeed, merely)

(indeclinable)

चेतन (cetana) - the conscious (principle or being) (conscious, intelligent, animated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cetana

cetana - conscious, intelligent, animated, sentient

from root cit (to perceive)

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Part of compound 'cetanetaracetanam'. Here it represents the 'conscious' aspect.

इतर (itara) - other, referring to the unconscious aspect (other, different, distinct)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of itara

itara - other, different, distinct, remaining

Note: Part of compound 'cetanetaracetanam'. Here 'itara' acts as a prefix meaning 'other' or 'non-'.

चेतनम् (cetanam) - the (other) conscious, or unconscious (thing) (conscious, intelligent; or object of consciousness)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cetana

cetana - conscious, intelligent, animated, sentient

from root cit (to perceive)

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Forms part of the compound 'cetanetaracetanam', interpreted as 'the conscious and the other (which is) conscious' or 'the conscious and the unconscious'. Given the context with 'jāḍya', 'unconscious' is more likely, implying 'that which is other-than-conscious (i.e., unconscious)'.

जले (jale) - in water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (agni) (fire, flame, god of fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, flame, god of fire, digestive fire

इव (iva) - like, as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, knowledge, intelligence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cit

cit - consciousness, knowledge, intelligence, understanding, spiritual principle

जाड्ये (jāḍye) - inertness (inertness, dullness, unconsciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of jāḍya

jāḍya - coldness, inertness, dullness, stupidity, unconsciousness

from jaḍa (cold, inert, dull)

Note: Here, 'jāḍye' is understood as nominative dual, referring to inertness as a concept being contrasted with 'cit'. Alternatively, it could be locative singular of 'jāḍya'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अतः (ataḥ) - from this (i.e., from consciousness) (from this, hence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

भिन्ने (bhinne) - distinct, separated (referring to cit and jāḍya as two entities) (distinct, separated, different (dual nominative/accusative, or feminine locative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of bhinna

bhinna - broken, divided, split, distinct, different

past passive participle

from root bhid (to split, break)

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'cit' and 'jāḍye', implying they are not distinct.

मनाक् (manāk) - even slightly (a little, slightly, even a little)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

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