योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-58, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
अत्रैव वस्तुन्युदिता श्रृणु राघव पूर्वजाः ।
कचेन गाथा या गीता बार्हस्पत्येन पावनाः ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
atraiva vastunyuditā śrṛṇu rāghava pūrvajāḥ ,
kacena gāthā yā gītā bārhaspatyena pāvanāḥ 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca atra eva vastuni uditā śṛṇu rāghava
pūrvajāḥ kacena gāthā yā gītā bārhaspatyena pāvanāḥ

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca rāghava śṛṇu atra eva vastuni uditā pūrvajāḥ pāvanāḥ gāthā yā kacena bārhaspatyena gītā.

1. Shri Vasishtha said: Listen, Raghava, to the ancient and purifying verses, which were sung by Kacha, the son of Brihaspati, and which have arisen concerning this very reality.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Shri Vasishtha

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• एव (eva) - very (this very reality) (indeed, only, just, very)

• वस्तुनि (vastuni) - in this very reality (in the object, in the thing, in the reality)

• उदिता (uditā) - arisen (referring to the verses/song) (arisen, appeared, manifested)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• राघव (rāghava) - (Addressing) Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu, refers to Rama))

• पूर्वजाः (pūrvajāḥ) - ancient (verses) (ancient, formerly arisen, earlier born)

• कचेन (kacena) - by Kacha

• गाथा (gāthā) - verse (song, verse, stanza)

• या (yā) - which (verse) (which, who (feminine singular))

• गीता (gītā) - sung (by Kacha) (sung, chanted)

• बार्हस्पत्येन (bārhaspatyena) - by the son of Brihaspati (Kacha) (by the son of Brihaspati, by Brihaspati's)

• पावनाः (pāvanāḥ) - purifying (verses) (purifying, sanctifying, holy)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Shri Vasishtha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - the revered sage Vasishtha

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – revered, glorious, beautiful; prosperity, wealth
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasishtha (name of a Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

From root √vac (2nd class, Parasmaipada). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - very (this very reality) (indeed, only, just, very)

(indeclinable)

वस्तुनि (vastuni) - in this very reality (in the object, in the thing, in the reality)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - object, thing, substance, reality, essential nature

Root: vas (class 1)

उदिता (uditā) - arisen (referring to the verses/song) (arisen, appeared, manifested)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udita

udita - risen, ascended, appeared, said, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root √i (to go) with prefix ud-, 'risen', or from √vad (to speak) with prefix ud-, 'spoken'. Context implies 'arisen/manifested'.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to `gāthā`.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative active

From root √śru (5th class, Parasmaipada).

Root: śru (class 5)

राघव (rāghava) - (Addressing) Rama (O Raghava (descendant of Raghu, refers to Rama))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (a name for Rama)

Derived from Raghu.

पूर्वजाः (pūrvajāḥ) - ancient (verses) (ancient, formerly arisen, earlier born)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pūrvaja

pūrvaja - born before, ancient, ancestral, former

Formed from `pūrva` (before) and `ja` (born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: In the verse, `pūrvajāḥ` is plural, while `gāthā` and `uditā` are singular. For translation, it is understood as modifying the implied plural 'verses' or representing a poetic license in the source text.

कचेन (kacena) - by Kacha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kaca

kaca - Kacha (name of a sage, son of Brihaspati)

गाथा (gāthā) - verse (song, verse, stanza)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāthā

gāthā - song, verse, stanza, saying, tale

From root √gai (to sing).

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: The actual text has `gāthā` (singular), which is inconsistent with `pūrvajāḥ` and `pāvanāḥ` (plural). This is likely a grammatical inconsistency in the source.

या (yā) - which (verse) (which, who (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `gāthā`.

गीता (gītā) - sung (by Kacha) (sung, chanted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, a song

Past Passive Participle

From root √gai (to sing).

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: Refers to `gāthā`.

बार्हस्पत्येन (bārhaspatyena) - by the son of Brihaspati (Kacha) (by the son of Brihaspati, by Brihaspati's)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bārhaspatya

bārhaspatya - relating to Brihaspati, son of Brihaspati

Derived from Brihaspati, with suffix -ya.

Note: Agrees with `kacena`.

पावनाः (pāvanāḥ) - purifying (verses) (purifying, sanctifying, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pāvana

pāvana - purifying, sacred, holy, clean

From root √pū (to purify) with suffix -ana.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: In the verse, `pāvanāḥ` is plural, while `gāthā` and `uditā` are singular. For translation, it is understood as modifying the implied plural 'verses' or representing a poetic license in the source text.

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