वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-27, verse-1

तथागतां तां व्यथितामनिन्दितां व्यपेतहर्षां परिदीनमानसाम् ।
शुभां निमित्तानि शुभानि भेजिरे नरं श्रिया जुष्टमिवोपजीविनः ॥१॥

1. tathāgatāṃ tāṃ vyathitāmaninditāṃ vyapetaharṣāṃ paridīnamānasām ,
śubhāṃ nimittāni śubhāni bhejire naraṃ śriyā juṣṭamivopajīvinaḥ.

1. tathāgatām tām vyathitām aninditām
vyapetaharṣām paridīnamānasām
śubhām nimittāni śubhāni bhejire
naram śriyā juṣṭam iva upajīvinaḥ

1. nimittāni śubhāni tām tathāgatām
vyathitām aninditām vyapetaharṣām
paridīnamānasām śubhām bhejire
naram śriyā juṣṭam iva upajīvinaḥ

1. As dependents gather around a man endowed with prosperity, so did auspicious omens approach her—who was in such a state, distressed, faultless, joyless, deeply dejected in mind, and (yet still) auspicious.

Words meanings summery:

• तथागताम् (tathāgatām) - having become so, in such a state

• ताम् (tām) - Her, referring to Sita. (her, that (feminine))

• व्यथिताम् (vyathitām) - distressed, agitated, pained

• अनिन्दिताम् (aninditām) - faultless, blameless, irreproachable

• व्यपेतहर्षाम् (vyapetaharṣām) - whose joy has departed, joyless

• परिदीनमानसाम् (paridīnamānasām) - with a deeply dejected mind, utterly depressed

• शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious, beautiful, propitious

• निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens, signs, causes

• शुभानि (śubhāni) - auspicious, good, beautiful

• भेजिरे (bhejire) - they resorted to, they served, they approached

• नरम् (naram) - man

• श्रिया (śriyā) - by prosperity, with glory, by beauty

• जुष्टम् (juṣṭam) - endowed with, accompanied by, served by

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• उपजीविनः (upajīvinaḥ) - dependents, followers, those who live by

Words meanings and morphology

तथागताम् (tathāgatām) - having become so, in such a state

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tathāgata

tathāgata - having become so, in such a state, thus gone

Past Passive Participle

Compound 'tathā' (thus) + 'gata' (gone, become). From root 'gam'.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (tathā+gata)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, arrived, reached, become
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tām'.

ताम् (tām) - Her, referring to Sita. (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Object of 'bhejire'.

व्यथिताम् (vyathitām) - distressed, agitated, pained

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, pained, troubled

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vyath' (to be agitated, disturbed).

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tām'.

अनिन्दिताम् (aninditām) - faultless, blameless, irreproachable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anindita

anindita - faultless, blameless, irreproachable

Past Passive Participle

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: 'a' (not) + 'nindita' (blamed). From root 'nid' (to blame).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nindita – blamed, censured
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'nid' (to blame).
  Root: nid (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tām'.

व्यपेतहर्षाम् (vyapetaharṣām) - whose joy has departed, joyless

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyapetaharṣa

vyapetaharṣa - whose joy has departed, deprived of joy, joyless

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'vyapeta' (departed) + 'harṣa' (joy).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyapeta+harṣa)

• vyapeta – departed, gone away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'i' (to go) with 'vi-apa' prefixes.
  Prefixes: vi+apa
  Root: i (class 2)
• harṣa – joy, delight, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tām'.

परिदीनमानसाम् (paridīnamānasām) - with a deeply dejected mind, utterly depressed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paridīnamānasa

paridīnamānasa - with a deeply dejected mind, utterly depressed in mind

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'paridīna' (utterly dejected) + 'mānasa' (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (paridīna+mānasa)

• paridīna – utterly dejected, very sad, withered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dī' (to decay, be sad) with prefix 'pari'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: dī (class 4)
• mānasa – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'manas' (mind).

Note: Qualifies 'tām'.

शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious, beautiful, propitious

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubhā

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, propitious, good

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tām'.

निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens, signs, causes

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of nimitta

nimitta - omen, sign, cause, mark

Note: Subject of 'bhejire'.

शुभानि (śubhāni) - auspicious, good, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nimittāni'.

भेजिरे (bhejire) - they resorted to, they served, they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of bhaj

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Reduplicated root.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

नरम् (naram) - man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Object of implied verb in simile.

श्रिया (śriyā) - by prosperity, with glory, by beauty

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, Lakshmi

Root: śrī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'juṣṭam'.

जुष्टम् (juṣṭam) - endowed with, accompanied by, served by

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of juṣṭa

juṣṭa - endowed with, accompanied by, served by, liked, pleased

Past Passive Participle

From root 'juṣ' (to be pleased, to serve, to like).

Root: juṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'naram'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

उपजीविनः (upajīvinaḥ) - dependents, followers, those who live by

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upajīvin

upajīvin - dependent, follower, supporter, one who lives by

Agent noun

From root 'jīv' (to live) with prefix 'upa', and suffix 'ṇini'.

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb in simile (e.g., 'upagacchanti').