मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-36, verse-6
मदालसोवाच ।
यदा दुः खमसह्यं ते प्रियबन्धुवियोगजम् ।
शत्रुबाधोद्भवं वापि वित्तनाशात्मसम्भवम् ॥६॥
यदा दुः खमसह्यं ते प्रियबन्धुवियोगजम् ।
शत्रुबाधोद्भवं वापि वित्तनाशात्मसम्भवम् ॥६॥
6. madālasovāca .
yadā duḥ khamasahyaṃ te priyabandhuviyogajam .
śatrubādhodbhavaṃ vāpi vittanāśātmasambhavam.
yadā duḥ khamasahyaṃ te priyabandhuviyogajam .
śatrubādhodbhavaṃ vāpi vittanāśātmasambhavam.
6.
madālasā uvāca yadā duḥkham asahyam te priyabandhuvayogajam
śatrubādhodbhavam vā api vittanāśātmasambhavam
śatrubādhodbhavam vā api vittanāśātmasambhavam
6.
Madālasā said: 'When you experience unbearable sorrow, whether it is born from the separation from dear relatives, or arises from harassment by enemies, or originates from the loss of wealth and from within the self (ātman)...'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मदालसा (madālasā) - Madālasā (Madālasā (proper name))
- उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)
- यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)
- दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering (suffering, sorrow, pain)
- असह्यम् (asahyam) - unbearable (unbearable, intolerable)
- ते (te) - to you (experiencing the sorrow) (to you, for you, your)
- प्रियबन्धुवयोगजम् (priyabandhuvayogajam) - born from the separation from dear relatives
- शत्रुबाधोद्भवम् (śatrubādhodbhavam) - arising from harassment by enemies (born from harassment by enemies)
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - even, also (also, even, too)
- वित्तनाशात्मसम्भवम् (vittanāśātmasambhavam) - originating from the loss of wealth and from within the self (ātman) (born from loss of wealth and originating from the self (ātman))
Words meanings and morphology
मदालसा (madālasā) - Madālasā (Madālasā (proper name))
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of madālasā
madālasā - proper name of a queen
Note: Forms sandhi with `uvāca`.
उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac
Perfect tense form of root `vac`
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Subject is Madālasā.
यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial particle formed from pronoun `yad`
दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering (suffering, sorrow, pain)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha
duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery
Note: Subject of the clause, or object of an implied verb like 'you experience'.
असह्यम् (asahyam) - unbearable (unbearable, intolerable)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of asahya
asahya - unbearable, intolerable, difficult to endure
Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle) in negative
Formed from `a-` (negation) + root `sah` (to endure) + suffix `-ya`
Prefix: a
Root: sah (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `duḥkham`.
ते (te) - to you (experiencing the sorrow) (to you, for you, your)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
Note: Indicates recipient of the suffering.
प्रियबन्धुवयोगजम् (priyabandhuvayogajam) - born from the separation from dear relatives
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of priyabandhuvayogaja
priyabandhuvayogaja - born from separation from dear relatives
Compound formed by `priya-bandhu-viyoga` + suffix `-ja` (born from)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+bandhu+viyoga+ja)
- priya – dear, beloved
adjective
Root: prī (class 9) - bandhu – relative, kinsman, friend
noun (masculine)
Root: bandh (class 9) - viyoga – separation, disunion
noun (masculine)
From `vi-` + root `yuj` (to join) + suffix `-a`
Prefix: vi
Root: yuj (class 7) - ja – born, produced, arising from
adjective
From root `jan` (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Agrees with `duḥkham`.
शत्रुबाधोद्भवम् (śatrubādhodbhavam) - arising from harassment by enemies (born from harassment by enemies)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śatrubādhodbhava
śatrubādhodbhava - born from harassment by enemies
Compound formed by `śatru-bādhā-udbhava` (or `śatru-bādhā` + `udbhava` meaning "arising from")
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+bādhā+udbhava)
- śatru – enemy, foe
noun (masculine)
Root: śath (class 1) - bādhā – harassment, obstruction, distress
noun (feminine)
From root `bādh` (to oppress, harass)
Root: bādh (class 1) - udbhava – origin, production, arising
noun (masculine)
From `ud-` + root `bhū` (to be, become) + suffix `-a`
Prefix: ud
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `duḥkham`.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
Note: Connects alternative sources of sorrow.
अपि (api) - even, also (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
Particle
Note: Forms sandhi with `vā`.
वित्तनाशात्मसम्भवम् (vittanāśātmasambhavam) - originating from the loss of wealth and from within the self (ātman) (born from loss of wealth and originating from the self (ātman))
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vittanāśātmasambhava
vittanāśātmasambhava - born from loss of wealth and originating from the self (ātman)
Compound formed by joining `vitta-nāśa` (loss of wealth) and `ātma-sambhava` (self-originated)
Compound type : dvandva (vitta+nāśa+ātman+sambhava)
- vitta – wealth, property
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle of `vid` used as noun
From root `vid` (to find, obtain)
Root: vid (class 6) - nāśa – loss, destruction, disappearance
noun (masculine)
From root `naś` (to perish, be lost)
Root: naś (class 4) - ātman – self, soul, spirit
noun (masculine) - sambhava – origin, production, birth, arising from
noun (masculine)
From `sam-` + root `bhū` (to be, become)
Prefix: sam
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `duḥkham`.