मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-36, verse-4
भार्यया सह धर्मात्मा यियासुस्तपसे वनम् ।
अवतीर्णो महारक्षो महाभागो महीपतिः ॥४॥
अवतीर्णो महारक्षो महाभागो महीपतिः ॥४॥
4. bhāryayā saha dharmātmā yiyāsustapase vanam .
avatīrṇo mahārakṣo mahābhāgo mahīpatiḥ.
avatīrṇo mahārakṣo mahābhāgo mahīpatiḥ.
4.
bhāryayā saha dharmātmā yiyāsuḥ tapase vanam
avatīrṇaḥ mahārakṣaḥ mahābhāgaḥ mahīpatiḥ
avatīrṇaḥ mahārakṣaḥ mahābhāgaḥ mahīpatiḥ
4.
That great king (mahīpati), a righteous soul (dharma-ātman), a great protector, and highly illustrious, having retired from his duties, went to the forest with his wife, desiring to undertake austerities (tapas).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with his wife (by the wife, with the wife)
- सह (saha) - with (with, together with)
- धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - a righteous soul (dharma-ātman) (one whose soul (ātman) is dharma, righteous soul, virtuous person)
- यियासुः (yiyāsuḥ) - desiring to go (desirous of going, intending to go)
- तपसे (tapase) - for undertaking austerities (tapas) (for penance, for austerity (tapas))
- वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (to the forest, into the forest)
- अवतीर्णः (avatīrṇaḥ) - having retired (from duties) (descended, alighted, retired)
- महारक्षः (mahārakṣaḥ) - a great protector (great protector, great guardian)
- महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - highly illustrious (highly fortunate, illustrious, noble)
- महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king (mahīpati) (king, lord of the earth)
Words meanings and morphology
भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with his wife (by the wife, with the wife)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā
bhāryā - wife, spouse
From root `bhṛ` (to support) + suffix `ṇya` + `ā` feminine ending.
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
Note: Used with `saha` (with).
सह (saha) - with (with, together with)
(indeclinable)
धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - a righteous soul (dharma-ātman) (one whose soul (ātman) is dharma, righteous soul, virtuous person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman
dharmātman - one whose nature (ātman) is righteousness (dharma), righteous soul, virtuous person
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)
- dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine)
Note: Adjective-like epithet for the king.
यियासुः (yiyāsuḥ) - desiring to go (desirous of going, intending to go)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yiyāsu
yiyāsu - desirous of going, wishing to go
Desiderative Participle
Formed from desiderative of root `yā` (to go), with suffix `-u`
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Agrees with the subject (king).
तपसे (tapase) - for undertaking austerities (tapas) (for penance, for austerity (tapas))
(noun)
Dative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - heat, penance, austerity
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Indicates purpose, "for penance".
वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (to the forest, into the forest)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove
Note: Object of motion implied by `yiyāsuḥ`.
अवतीर्णः (avatīrṇaḥ) - having retired (from duties) (descended, alighted, retired)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avatīrṇa
avatīrṇa - descended, alighted, passed through, retired
Past Passive Participle
Formed from `ava-` + root `tṛ` (to cross, pass) + suffix `-kta` (past passive participle)
Prefix: ava
Root: tṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with the subject (king).
महारक्षः (mahārakṣaḥ) - a great protector (great protector, great guardian)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārakṣa
mahārakṣa - great protector, great guardian
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rakṣa)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - rakṣa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
From root `rakṣ` (to protect)
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Adjective-like epithet for the king.
महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - highly illustrious (highly fortunate, illustrious, noble)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga
mahābhāga - highly fortunate, illustrious, noble, great-souled
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - bhāga – share, fortune, luck
noun (masculine)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Agrees with the king.
महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king (mahīpati) (king, lord of the earth)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati
mahīpati - lord of the earth, king, ruler
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)
- mahī – earth, land
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of the sentence.