महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-30, verse-11

यदक्षरं वेदविदो वदन्ति विशन्ति यद्यतयो वीतरागाः ।
यदिच्छन्तो ब्रह्मचर्यं चरन्ति तत्ते पदं संग्रहेण प्रवक्ष्ये ॥११॥

11. yadakṣaraṁ vedavido vadanti; viśanti yadyatayo vītarāgāḥ ,
yadicchanto brahmacaryaṁ caranti; tatte padaṁ saṁgraheṇa pravakṣye.

11. yat akṣaram vedavidaḥ vadanti
viśanti yat yatayaḥ vītarāgāḥ | yat
icchantaḥ brahmacaryam caranti
tat te padam saṃgraheṇa pravakṣye

11. yat akṣaram vedavidaḥ vadanti yat
vītarāgāḥ yatayaḥ viśanti yat
icchantaḥ brahmacaryam caranti
tat padam te saṃgraheṇa pravakṣye

11. I will briefly explain to you that imperishable (akṣara) state or goal which the knowers of the Vedas declare, which ascetics (yati) freed from attachment (rāga) enter, and desiring which, they practice celibacy (brahmacarya).

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - the imperishable (Brahman) (imperishable, indestructible, syllable)

• वेदविदः (vedavidaḥ) - knowers of the Vedas

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they declare

• विशन्ति (viśanti) - they enter

• यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics (yati) (ascetics, renunciates, self-controlled ones)

• वीतरागाः (vītarāgāḥ) - ascetics who are free from attachment (rāga) (free from passion, dispassionate, free from attachment)

• इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (as a spiritual discipline) (celibacy, student life, conduct leading to Brahman)

• चरन्ति (caranti) - they practice, they perform, they wander

• तत् (tat) - that (goal) (that)

• ते (te) - to you

• पदम् (padam) - the goal, the state (of Brahman) (state, goal, foot, step)

• संग्रहेण (saṁgraheṇa) - in brief, concisely, by collection

• प्रवक्ष्ये (pravakṣye) - I will explain, I will declare

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which

Note: Refers to 'akṣaram' as predicate, or object for 'viśanti', 'icchantaḥ'.

अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - the imperishable (Brahman) (imperishable, indestructible, syllable)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣara

akṣara - imperishable, indestructible, syllable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)

• a – not
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kṣara – perishable, flowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: kṣar (class 1)

वेदविदः (vedavidaḥ) - knowers of the Vedas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vedavid

vedavid - knower of the Vedas

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+vid)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vid – knower
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root vid
  Root: vid (class 2)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

विशन्ति (viśanti) - they enter

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of viś

Root: viś (class 6)

यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics (yati) (ascetics, renunciates, self-controlled ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yati

yati - ascetic (yati), renunciate, one who has controlled senses

Root: yam (class 1)

वीतरागाः (vītarāgāḥ) - ascetics who are free from attachment (rāga) (free from passion, dispassionate, free from attachment)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vītarāga

vītarāga - free from passion/attachment (rāga)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vīta+rāga)

• vīta – gone, vanished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-i (to go away)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• rāga – passion, attachment (rāga)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rañj (class 1)

इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

from iṣ (to wish, to desire)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (as a spiritual discipline) (celibacy, student life, conduct leading to Brahman)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy (brahmacarya), student life, conduct of a brahmin student

चरन्ति (caranti) - they practice, they perform, they wander

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (goal) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of 'pravakṣye'.

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you

पदम् (padam) - the goal, the state (of Brahman) (state, goal, foot, step)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, place, state, goal

संग्रहेण (saṁgraheṇa) - in brief, concisely, by collection

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃgraha

saṁgraha - collection, summary, brief statement

प्रवक्ष्ये (pravakṣye) - I will explain, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of pra-vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)