महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-18, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततो मुहूर्तात्तुमुलः शब्दो हृदयकम्पनः ।
अश्रूयत महाराज योधानां प्रयुयुत्सताम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tato muhūrtāttumulaḥ śabdo hṛdayakampanaḥ ,
aśrūyata mahārāja yodhānāṁ prayuyutsatām.

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ muhūrtāt tumulaḥ śabdaḥ
hṛdayakampanaḥ aśrūyata mahārāja yodhānām prayuyutsatām

1. saṃjaya uvāca mahārāja tataḥ muhūrtāt tumulaḥ
hṛdayakampanaḥ śabdaḥ prayuyutsatām yodhānām aśrūyata

1. Sanjaya said: O great king, then, after a moment, a tumultuous, heart-shaking sound was heard from the warriors eager to fight.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• मुहूर्तात् (muhūrtāt) - after a moment, from a moment

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, mighty, dreadful

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

• हृदयकम्पनः (hṛdayakampanaḥ) - heart-shaking, terrifying

• अश्रूयत (aśrūyata) - was heard

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors

• प्रयुयुत्सताम् (prayuyutsatām) - of those desiring to fight, of those eager to fight

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Third person singular perfect active of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

मुहूर्तात् (muhūrtāt) - after a moment, from a moment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a short time

Note: Denotes 'after a moment' or 'from a moment'.

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, mighty, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, mighty, dreadful

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise

हृदयकम्पनः (hṛdayakampanaḥ) - heart-shaking, terrifying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛdayakampana

hṛdayakampana - heart-shaking, terrifying, causing the heart to tremble

Compound type : tatpurusha (hṛdaya+kampana)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)
• kampana – shaking, trembling
  noun (neuter)

अश्रूयत (aśrūyata) - was heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of śru

Imperfect Passive

Third person singular imperfect passive of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

प्रयुयुत्सताम् (prayuyutsatām) - of those desiring to fight, of those eager to fight

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prayuyutsat

prayuyutsat - desiring to fight, eager to fight

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Derived from desiderative stem of root yudh with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yudh (class 4)