महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-48, verse-2

रथैस्ते नगराकारैः पताकाध्वजशोभितैः ।
ययुराशु कुरुक्षेत्रं वाजिभिः शीघ्रगामिभिः ॥२॥

2. rathaiste nagarākāraiḥ patākādhvajaśobhitaiḥ ,
yayurāśu kurukṣetraṁ vājibhiḥ śīghragāmibhiḥ.

2. rathaiḥ te nagarākāraiḥ patākādhvajaśobhitaiḥ
yayuḥ āśu kurukṣetram vājibhiḥ śīghragāmibhiḥ

2. te nagarākāraiḥ patākādhvajaśobhitaiḥ rathaiḥ
śīghragāmibhiḥ vājibhiḥ āśu kurukṣetram yayuḥ

2. They quickly went to Kurukṣetra in their chariots, which were like cities and adorned with banners and flags, drawn by swift-moving horses.

Words meanings summery:

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• ते (te) - they

• नगराकारैः (nagarākāraiḥ) - by chariots that resembled cities (by those having the form of cities, by city-like)

• पताकाध्वजशोभितैः (patākādhvajaśobhitaiḥ) - by chariots adorned with banners and flags (by those adorned with banners and flags)

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - to Kurukṣetra

• वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses

• शीघ्रगामिभिः (śīghragāmibhiḥ) - by swift-moving horses (by swift-moving ones)

Words meanings and morphology

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

नगराकारैः (nagarākāraiḥ) - by chariots that resembled cities (by those having the form of cities, by city-like)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nagarākāra

nagarākāra - city-like, having the form/shape of a city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nagara+ākāra)

• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, external aspect
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rathaiḥ'.

पताकाध्वजशोभितैः (patākādhvajaśobhitaiḥ) - by chariots adorned with banners and flags (by those adorned with banners and flags)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patākādhvajaśobhita

patākādhvajaśobhita - adorned/decorated with banners and flags

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (patākā+dhvaja+śobhita)

• patākā – banner, flag, standard
  noun (feminine)
• dhvaja – flag, banner, standard, mark
  noun (masculine)
• śobhita – adorned, decorated, beautiful, splendid
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √śubh (to shine, be beautiful) with suffix -ita.
  Root: √śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rathaiḥ'.

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of √yā

Perfect Tense (Lit)

3rd person plural, active voice. Reduplicated perfect.

Root: √yā (class 2)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - to Kurukṣetra

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - Kurukṣetra (a famous battlefield and sacred region in ancient India)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – name of an ancient Vedic tribe, king, or region
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, land, territory, sacred place
  noun (neuter)

वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - swift, spirited; a horse, an arrow

शीघ्रगामिभिः (śīghragāmibhiḥ) - by swift-moving horses (by swift-moving ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śīghragāmin

śīghragāmin - swift-moving, fast-going

Derived from śīghra (swift) + gāmin (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śīghra+gāmin)

• śīghra – swift, quick, speedy
  adjective (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, proceeding, walking
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective (nominal participle)
  Derived from root √gam (to go) with suffix -in.
  Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vājibhiḥ'.