महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-48, verse-12

महात्मना भगवता रामेण यदुपुंगव ।
कथमुत्सादितं क्षत्रं कथं वृद्धिं पुनर्गतम् ॥१२॥

12. mahātmanā bhagavatā rāmeṇa yadupuṁgava ,
kathamutsāditaṁ kṣatraṁ kathaṁ vṛddhiṁ punargatam.

12. mahātmanā bhagavatā rāmeṇa yadupuṅgava katham
utsāditam kṣatram katham vṛddhim punaḥ gatam

12. yadupuṅgava mahātmanā bhagavatā rāmeṇa kṣatram
katham utsāditam katham punaḥ vṛddhim gatam

12. O best among the Yadus, how was the warrior class eradicated by the great-souled, worshipful Rama, and how did it again attain prosperity?

Words meanings summery:

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled, by the noble

• भगवता (bhagavatā) - by the worshipful, by the divine, by the illustrious

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama (Parashurama)

• यदुपुङ्गव (yadupuṅgava) - O best of Yadus, O foremost of the Yadu dynasty

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• उत्सादितम् (utsāditam) - eradicated, destroyed, uprooted

• क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the Kshatriya class, the warrior class

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - growth, prosperity, increase

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further

• गतम् (gatam) - attained, gone, reached

Words meanings and morphology

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled, by the noble

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit
  noun (masculine)

भगवता (bhagavatā) - by the worshipful, by the divine, by the illustrious

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, worshipful, illustrious, blessed, holy

Possessive adjective from bhaga (fortune) with matup suffix

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama (Parashurama)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, here referring to Parashurama), pleasing, dark

यदुपुङ्गव (yadupuṅgava) - O best of Yadus, O foremost of the Yadu dynasty

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yadupuṅgava

yadupuṅgava - best of Yadus, foremost of the Yadu dynasty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yadu+puṅgava)

• yadu – Yadu (name of an ancient king, founder of a dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

उत्सादितम् (utsāditam) - eradicated, destroyed, uprooted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utsādita

utsādita - eradicated, destroyed, uprooted, caused to vanish

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the causative form of root sad (to sit, perish) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: sad (class 1)

क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the Kshatriya class, the warrior class

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - Kshatriya (warrior class), rule, power

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - growth, prosperity, increase

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛddhi

vṛddhi - growth, increase, prosperity, success

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further

(indeclinable)

गतम् (gatam) - attained, gone, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, obtained, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root gam

Root: gam (class 1)