महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-241, verse-1

व्यास उवाच ।
सृजते तु गुणान्सत्त्वं क्षेत्रज्ञस्त्वनुतिष्ठति ।
गुणान्विक्रियतः सर्वानुदासीनवदीश्वरः ॥१॥

1. vyāsa uvāca ,
sṛjate tu guṇānsattvaṁ kṣetrajñastvanutiṣṭhati ,
guṇānvikriyataḥ sarvānudāsīnavadīśvaraḥ.

1. vyāsa uvāca sṛjate tu guṇān sattvam kṣetrajñaḥ tu
anutiṣṭhati guṇān vikriyataḥ sarvān udāsīnavat īśvaraḥ

1. vyāsa uvāca sattvam guṇān sṛjate tu kṣetrajñaḥ tu guṇān
anutiṣṭhati īśvaraḥ sarvān vikriyataḥ guṇān udāsīnavat

1. Vyāsa said: The individual soul (kṣetrajña) certainly acts in accordance with the qualities (guṇas) which material nature (sattva) creates. Yet, the Lord (īśvara) remains like an indifferent observer of all these transforming qualities.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यास (vyāsa) - The sage Vyāsa (Vyāsa (a sage, author))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सृजते (sṛjate) - creates, emits

• तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the statement) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities (guṇas) of material nature (qualities, attributes, strands, constituents)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - material nature (sattva) (being, existence, reality, essential nature, goodness, material nature)

• क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the individual soul (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field, soul, individual consciousness)

• तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the statement) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati) - acts according to, follows (performs, acts according to, follows, remains)

• गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities (guṇas) (qualities, attributes, strands, constituents)

• विक्रियतः (vikriyataḥ) - transforming (qualities) (transforming, changing, undergoing modification)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (qualities) (all, every)

• उदासीनवत् (udāsīnavat) - like an indifferent observer (like an indifferent one, as if unconcerned, impartially)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Lord (īśvara), the Supreme Controller (Lord, master, controller, supreme being)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यास (vyāsa) - The sage Vyāsa (Vyāsa (a sage, author))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - a sage, author of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सृजते (sṛjate) - creates, emits

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sṛj

Present Middle

3rd person singular present middle of √sṛj

Root: sṛj (class 6)

तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the statement) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities (guṇas) of material nature (qualities, attributes, strands, constituents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of prakṛti, strand

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - material nature (sattva) (being, existence, reality, essential nature, goodness, material nature)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - being, existence, essence, goodness, material nature (one of the guṇas)

From √as (to be) + -tva suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Here, it refers to the generative aspect of material nature or the quality of existence/goodness.

क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the individual soul (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field, soul, individual consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field, soul, individual consciousness

From kṣetra (field, body) + jña (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, body, sacred place
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, one who knows
  adjective
  From √jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the statement) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati) - acts according to, follows (performs, acts according to, follows, remains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anu-sthā

Present Active

3rd person singular present active of √sthā with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities (guṇas) (qualities, attributes, strands, constituents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of prakṛti, strand

विक्रियतः (vikriyataḥ) - transforming (qualities) (transforming, changing, undergoing modification)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vikriyat

vikriyat - transforming, changing, undergoing modification

Present Active Participle

Present participle of √kṛ with prefix vi (vi-kṛ).

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (qualities) (all, every)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

उदासीनवत् (udāsīnavat) - like an indifferent observer (like an indifferent one, as if unconcerned, impartially)

(indeclinable)

Formed from udāsīna (indifferent) + -vat (like, as).

Note: Acts adverbially, modifying the implied action of the Lord.

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Lord (īśvara), the Supreme Controller (Lord, master, controller, supreme being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - Lord, master, controller, supreme being

From √īś (to be master, to rule).

Root: īś (class 2)