महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-134, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्र गाथा ब्रह्मगीताः कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः ।
येन मार्गेण राजानः कोशं संजनयन्ति च ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atra gāthā brahmagītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ ,
yena mārgeṇa rājānaḥ kośaṁ saṁjanayanti ca.

1. Bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra gāthāḥ brahmagītāḥ kīrtayanti
purāvidaḥ yena mārgeṇa rājānaḥ kośam saṃjanayanti ca

1. Bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra purāvidaḥ gāthāḥ brahmagītāḥ
kīrtayanti yena mārgeṇa ca rājānaḥ kośam saṃjanayanti

1. Bhishma said: Here, those who know ancient traditions (purāvidaḥ) recite sacred verses (brahmagītāḥ) which describe the path by which kings gather their treasury.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses, songs, stanzas

• ब्रह्मगीताः (brahmagītāḥ) - sung by Brahmins, sacred verses, divinely sung

• कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they recount, they narrate, they praise

• पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - those who know ancient lore, historians, learned in ancient times

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path, by the way, by the means

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

• कोशम् (kośam) - treasury, fund, sheath, dictionary

• संजनयन्ति (saṁjanayanti) - they generate, they produce, they accumulate

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Bhīṣma

Bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata)

Root: bhīṣ

Note: Speaker.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Finite verb.

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses, songs, stanzas

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gāthā

gāthā - verse, song, stanza, metrical legend

Root: gai

Note: Subject of 'kīrtayanti'.

ब्रह्मगीताः (brahmagītāḥ) - sung by Brahmins, sacred verses, divinely sung

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of brahma-gītā

brahma-gītā - sung by Brahmins, sacred song, divinely sung

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+gītā)

• brahman – Brahmin, sacred text, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh
• gītā – sung, a song, verse
  participle (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gai (4th class) with suffix -ta
  Root: gai (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'gāthāḥ'.

कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they recount, they narrate, they praise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of kīrt

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Finite verb.

पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - those who know ancient lore, historians, learned in ancient times

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purā-vid

purā-vid - one who knows ancient lore, historian

Compound type : tatpurusha (purā+vid)

• purā – formerly, in ancient times
  indeclinable
• vid – knowing, wise, knower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid

Note: Subject of 'kīrtayanti'.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Correlative to 'mārgeṇa'.

मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path, by the way, by the means

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, means, method

Root: mṛj

Note: Instrumental of means.

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Subject of 'saṃjanayanti'.

कोशम् (kośam) - treasury, fund, sheath, dictionary

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kośa

kośa - treasury, fund, sheath, dictionary, bud

Root: kuṣ

Note: Object of 'saṃjanayanti'.

संजनयन्ति (saṁjanayanti) - they generate, they produce, they accumulate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of sam-jan

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Finite verb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)