दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-2, verse-39
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तया देव्या सुरद्विषाम् ।
शस्त्रास्त्रैर्बहुधा मुक्तैरादीपितदिगन्तरम् ॥३९॥
शस्त्रास्त्रैर्बहुधा मुक्तैरादीपितदिगन्तरम् ॥३९॥
39. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tayā devyā suradviṣām .
śastrāstrairbahudhā muktairādīpitadigantaram.
śastrāstrairbahudhā muktairādīpitadigantaram.
39.
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddham tayā devyā suradviṣām
śastrāstraiḥ bahudhā muktaiḥ ādīpitadigantaram
śastrāstraiḥ bahudhā muktaiḥ ādīpitadigantaram
39.
Then, a battle began between that goddess and the enemies of the gods. Many weapons and missiles were unleashed, igniting all directions.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that
- प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, ensued
- युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight
- तया (tayā) - by her, with her
- देव्या (devyā) - by the goddess
- सुरद्विषाम् (suradviṣām) - Refers to the demon army. (of the enemies of the gods, of the demons)
- शस्त्रास्त्रैः (śastrāstraiḥ) - by weapons and missiles
- बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly
- मुक्तैः (muktaiḥ) - released, discharged, thrown
- आदीपितदिगन्तरम् (ādīpitadigantaram) - illuminating all directions, having ignited the quarters
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that
(indeclinable)
प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, ensued
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of pravṛt
Perfect Middle
pra + vṛt (1st class, Ātmanepada)
Prefix: pra
Root: vṛt (class 1)
युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Root: yudh
Note: Can also be accusative singular. Context implies it is the subject of 'pravavṛte'.
तया (tayā) - by her, with her
(pronoun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Note: Refers to the goddess.
देव्या (devyā) - by the goddess
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of devī
devī - goddess
सुरद्विषाम् (suradviṣām) - Refers to the demon army. (of the enemies of the gods, of the demons)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of suradvish
suradvish - enemy of the gods, demon
Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+dviṣ)
- sura – god
noun (masculine) - dviṣ – enemy, hating
noun (masculine)
Derived from root dviṣ 'to hate'
Root: dviṣ (class 2)
शस्त्रास्त्रैः (śastrāstraiḥ) - by weapons and missiles
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of śastrāstra
śastrāstra - weapons and missiles (general term for armaments)
Compound type : dvandva (śastra+astra)
- śastra – weapon (hand-held, like sword)
noun (neuter) - astra – missile (thrown or projected by mantra)
noun (neuter)
बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly
(indeclinable)
Suffix -dhā meaning 'in X parts/ways'
मुक्तैः (muktaiḥ) - released, discharged, thrown
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of mukta
mukta - released, freed, discharged
Past Passive Participle
From root muc 'to release'
Root: muc (class 6)
Note: Agrees with śastrāstraiḥ.
आदीपितदिगन्तरम् (ādīpitadigantaram) - illuminating all directions, having ignited the quarters
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ādīpitadigantara
ādīpitadigantara - illuminating all directions
Compound type : bahuvrihi (ādīpita+digantara)
- ādīpita – ignited, inflamed, illuminated
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
ā + dīp (4th class) + -ita
Prefix: ā
Root: dīp (class 4) - digantara – the space between the quarters, all directions
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with yuddham. Can be accusative as well.