भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-3, verse-43
एवं बुद्धेः परं बुद्ध्वा संस्तभ्यात्मानमात्मना ।
जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् ॥४३॥
जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् ॥४३॥
43. evaṁ buddheḥ paraṁ buddhvā saṁstabhyātmānamātmanā ,
jahi śatruṁ mahābāho kāmarūpaṁ durāsadam.
jahi śatruṁ mahābāho kāmarūpaṁ durāsadam.
43.
evam buddheḥ param buddhvā saṃstabhya ātmānam
ātmanā jahi śatrum mahābāho kāmarūpam durāsadam
ātmanā jahi śatrum mahābāho kāmarūpam durāsadam
43.
mahābāho evam buddheḥ param buddhvā ātmanā
ātmānam saṃstabhya kāmarūpam durāsadam śatrum jahi
ātmānam saṃstabhya kāmarūpam durāsadam śatrum jahi
43.
Thus, O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), realizing that which is superior to the intellect (buddhi), and steadying the lower self (ātman) with the higher Self (ātman), you must slay this formidable enemy in the form of desire (kāmarūpam).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so
- बुद्धेः (buddheḥ) - than the intellect, from the intellect
- परम् (param) - the Self (ātman) (superior, higher, supreme)
- बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having known, having understood
- संस्तभ्य (saṁstabhya) - having steadied, having controlled, having restrained
- आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the lower self, mind, or individual consciousness (the self, the mind)
- आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the higher Self, the true consciousness (by the Self)
- जहि (jahi) - slay, abandon, conquer
- शत्रुम् (śatrum) - desire (kāma) as an enemy (enemy)
- महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Arjuna (O mighty-armed one)
- कामरूपम् (kāmarūpam) - enemy whose form is desire (in the form of desire, whose form is desire)
- दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to conquer, difficult to approach, formidable
Words meanings and morphology
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so
(indeclinable)
बुद्धेः (buddheḥ) - than the intellect, from the intellect
(noun)
Ablative, feminine, singular of buddhi
buddhi - intellect, reason, understanding, discernment
Derived from root 'budh' (to know, understand) with 'ti' suffix.
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Used with param for comparison.
परम् (param) - the Self (ātman) (superior, higher, supreme)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of para
para - other, ultimate, supreme, superior, higher
Note: Refers to the Self (ātman) which is superior to the intellect.
बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having known, having understood
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root 'budh' (to know, understand) + 'tvā' suffix for absolutive.
Root: budh (class 1)
संस्तभ्य (saṁstabhya) - having steadied, having controlled, having restrained
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) with prefix
From 'sam' (together, completely) + root 'stambh' (to steady, support) + 'ya' suffix for absolutive.
Prefix: sam
Root: stambh (class 5)
आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the lower self, mind, or individual consciousness (the self, the mind)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, individual soul, mind
Note: The object of control.
आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the higher Self, the true consciousness (by the Self)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - Self, Supreme Self, pure consciousness
Note: The agent of control.
जहि (jahi) - slay, abandon, conquer
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of han
Imperative active
From root 'han'. 2nd person singular, imperative mood, active voice. The 'jahi' form is an irregular imperative of 'han'.
Root: han (class 2)
शत्रुम् (śatrum) - desire (kāma) as an enemy (enemy)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru
śatru - enemy, foe, rival
Note: Refers to desire (kāma).
महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Arjuna (O mighty-armed one)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu
mahābāhu - one with mighty arms, mighty-armed
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)
- mahā – great, mighty
adjective (feminine) - bāhu – arm
noun (masculine)
Note: An epithet for Arjuna.
कामरूपम् (kāmarūpam) - enemy whose form is desire (in the form of desire, whose form is desire)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmarūpa
kāmarūpa - having the form of desire, assuming any form at will
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+rūpa)
- kāma – desire, lust, longing
noun (masculine)
From root 'kam' (to desire).
Root: kam (class 1) - rūpa – form, shape, appearance
noun (neuter)
Note: Modifies śatrum.
दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to conquer, difficult to approach, formidable
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of durāsada
durāsada - difficult to approach, inaccessible, formidable, hard to overcome
From 'dur' (difficult) + 'ā' (towards) + root 'sad' (to sit, approach).
Compound type : prādi tatpuruṣa (dur+āsada)
- dur – bad, difficult, ill
prefix - āsada – approaching, reaching
noun (masculine)
From 'ā' + root 'sad'.
Prefix: ā
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Modifies śatrum.