भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-3, verse-40
इन्द्रियाणि मनो बुद्धिरस्याधिष्ठानमुच्यते ।
एतैर्विमोहयत्येष ज्ञानमावृत्य देहिनम् ॥४०॥
एतैर्विमोहयत्येष ज्ञानमावृत्य देहिनम् ॥४०॥
40. indriyāṇi mano buddhirasyādhiṣṭhānamucyate ,
etairvimohayatyeṣa jñānamāvṛtya dehinam.
etairvimohayatyeṣa jñānamāvṛtya dehinam.
40.
indriyāṇi manaḥ buddhiḥ asya adhiṣṭhānam ucyate
etaiḥ vimohayati eṣaḥ jñānam āvṛtya dehinam
etaiḥ vimohayati eṣaḥ jñānam āvṛtya dehinam
40.
asya indriyāṇi manaḥ buddhiḥ adhiṣṭhānam ucyate
eṣaḥ etaiḥ jñānam āvṛtya dehinam vimohayati
eṣaḥ etaiḥ jñānam āvṛtya dehinam vimohayati
40.
The senses, the mind, and the intellect (buddhi) are described as its dwelling places. Through these, desire deludes the embodied soul by obscuring its knowledge (jñāna).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - senses, organs of sense
- मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought, intention
- बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, reason
- अस्य (asya) - of desire (kāma) (of this, its)
- अधिष्ठानम् (adhiṣṭhānam) - seat, dwelling place, basis, foundation
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared
- एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these senses, mind, and intellect (by these)
- विमोहयति (vimohayati) - deludes, confuses, bewilders
- एषः (eṣaḥ) - desire (kāma) (this (one), he)
- ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, wisdom
- आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having enveloped
- देहिनम् (dehinam) - embodied one, individual soul
Words meanings and morphology
इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - senses, organs of sense
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of indriya
indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense
Derived from 'indra' + suffix 'iya'. Originally 'belonging to Indra' or 'power of Indra', later specialized to senses as powers.
मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought, intention
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, thought, conscience
Root: man (class 4)
बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, reason
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi
buddhi - intellect, reason, understanding, discernment
Derived from root 'budh' (to know, understand) with 'ti' suffix.
Root: budh (class 1)
अस्य (asya) - of desire (kāma) (of this, its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this here
Note: Refers to kāma (desire).
अधिष्ठानम् (adhiṣṭhānam) - seat, dwelling place, basis, foundation
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adhiṣṭhāna
adhiṣṭhāna - seat, abode, basis, foundation, dwelling place
From 'adhi' (upon) + root 'sthā' (to stand).
Prefix: adhi
Root: sthā (class 1)
उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Present passive
Root 'vac' (irregular 'uc' in present passive), 3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice.
Root: vac (class 2)
एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these senses, mind, and intellect (by these)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to indriyāṇi, manas, buddhi. Although the referring nouns are neuter/feminine, 'etaiḥ' is commonly used collectively.
विमोहयति (vimohayati) - deludes, confuses, bewilders
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vimohay
Causative present
From 'vi' (away, apart) + root 'muh' (to be bewildered) + causative suffix 'aya'.
Prefix: vi
Root: muh (class 4)
एषः (eṣaḥ) - desire (kāma) (this (one), he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this, this one
Note: Refers to kāma (desire).
ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, wisdom
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jñāna
jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding
From root 'jñā' (to know) + suffix 'ana'.
Root: jñā (class 9)
आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having enveloped
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) with prefix
From 'ā' (towards, fully) + root 'vṛ' (to cover) + 'tya' suffix for absolutive.
Prefix: ā
Root: vṛ (class 5)
देहिनम् (dehinam) - embodied one, individual soul
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dehin
dehin - embodied one, soul, living being
From 'deha' (body) + possessive suffix 'in'.