भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-3, verse-4
न कर्मणामनारम्भान्नैष्कर्म्यं पुरुषोऽश्नुते ।
न च संन्यसनादेव सिद्धिं समधिगच्छति ॥४॥
न च संन्यसनादेव सिद्धिं समधिगच्छति ॥४॥
4. na karmaṇāmanārambhānnaiṣkarmyaṁ puruṣo'śnute ,
na ca saṁnyasanādeva siddhiṁ samadhigacchati.
na ca saṁnyasanādeva siddhiṁ samadhigacchati.
4.
na karmaṇām anārambhāt naiṣkarmyam puruṣaḥ aśnute
na ca saṃnyasanāt eva siddhim samadhigacchati
na ca saṃnyasanāt eva siddhim samadhigacchati
4.
puruṣaḥ karmaṇām anārambhāt naiṣkarmyam na aśnute
ca saṃnyasanāt eva siddhim na samadhigacchati
ca saṃnyasanāt eva siddhim na samadhigacchati
4.
A person (puruṣa) does not attain freedom from action (naiṣkarmyam) simply by refraining from activities, nor does one achieve perfection (siddhi) merely through renunciation.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (न) - not, no
- कर्मणाम् (कर्मणाम्) - of actions, of deeds
- अनारम्भात् (अनारम्भात्) - from non-commencement, by not undertaking
- नैष्कर्म्यम् (नैष्कर्म्यम्) - actionlessness, freedom from action, spiritual liberation
- पुरुषः (पुरुषः) - a person, a human being, the soul
- अश्नुते (अश्नुते) - attains, reaches, enjoys
- न (न) - not, no
- च (च) - and, also, moreover
- संन्यसनात् (संन्यसनात्) - from renunciation, by abandoning
- एव (एव) - only, just, indeed
- सिद्धिम् (सिद्धिम्) - perfection, accomplishment, success
- समधिगच्छति (समधिगच्छति) - attains, reaches, comprehends completely
Words meanings and morphology
न (न) - not, no
(indeclinable)
कर्मणाम् (कर्मणाम्) - of actions, of deeds
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of कर्मन्
कर्मन् - action, deed, work, duty, religious rite, destiny
From root कृ (kṛ) 'to do'
Root: कृ (class 8)
अनारम्भात् (अनारम्भात्) - from non-commencement, by not undertaking
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of अनारम्भ
अनारम्भ - non-commencement, not undertaking, inaction
Compound of 'an' (negative prefix) and 'ārambha' (commencement)
Compound type : Tatpurusha (न+आरम्भ)
- न – not, no
indeclinable - आरम्भ – commencement, beginning, undertaking
noun (masculine)
From root रभ् (rabh) with upasarga आ (ā)
Prefix: आ
Root: रभ् (class 1)
नैष्कर्म्यम् (नैष्कर्म्यम्) - actionlessness, freedom from action, spiritual liberation
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of नैष्कर्म्य
नैष्कर्म्य - actionlessness, freedom from action, inactivity, spiritual liberation (mokṣa)
Derived from 'niṣkarman' (free from action) with the taddhita suffix 'ya' to form an abstract noun.
पुरुषः (पुरुषः) - a person, a human being, the soul
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of पुरुष
पुरुष - a man, male, person, human being, spirit, soul, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)
अश्नुते (अश्नुते) - attains, reaches, enjoys
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of अश्
Root: अश् (class 5)
न (न) - not, no
(indeclinable)
च (च) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
संन्यसनात् (संन्यसनात्) - from renunciation, by abandoning
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of संन्यसन
संन्यसन - renunciation, abandoning, casting off, asceticism
From root अस् (as) with upasargas सम् (sam) and नि (ni)
Prefixes: सम्+नि
Root: अस् (class 4)
एव (एव) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
सिद्धिम् (सिद्धिम्) - perfection, accomplishment, success
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of सिद्धि
सिद्धि - accomplishment, success, perfection, attainment, supernatural power (siddhi)
From root सिध् (sidh) 'to succeed'
Root: सिध् (class 1)
समधिगच्छति (समधिगच्छति) - attains, reaches, comprehends completely
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of गम्
Root with upasargas सम् (sam) and अधि (adhi)
Prefixes: सम्+अधि
Root: गम् (class 1)