भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-3, verse-18
नैव तस्य कृतेनार्थो नाकृतेनेह कश्चन ।
न चास्य सर्वभूतेषु कश्चिदर्थव्यपाश्रयः ॥१८॥
न चास्य सर्वभूतेषु कश्चिदर्थव्यपाश्रयः ॥१८॥
18. naiva tasya kṛtenārtho nākṛteneha kaścana ,
na cāsya sarvabhūteṣu kaścidarthavyapāśrayaḥ.
na cāsya sarvabhūteṣu kaścidarthavyapāśrayaḥ.
18.
na eva tasya kṛtena arthaḥ na akṛtena iha kaścana
na ca asya sarvabhūteṣu kaścit arthavyapāśrayaḥ
na ca asya sarvabhūteṣu kaścit arthavyapāśrayaḥ
18.
tasya kṛtena arthaḥ na eva iha akṛtena ca kaścana
na ca asya sarvabhūteṣu kaścit arthavyapāśrayaḥ
na ca asya sarvabhūteṣu kaścit arthavyapāśrayaḥ
18.
Indeed, for such a one, there is no purpose (artha) whatsoever to be gained by actions performed (karma), nor any by actions not performed in this world. Nor does he have any need to depend on any being for any objective (artha).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (only, just, indeed)
- तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to the self-realized person) (his, for him, of him)
- कृतेन (kṛtena) - by actions performed (karma) (by what is done, by action)
- अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, gain, objective (purpose, object, gain, meaning, wealth)
- न (na) - nor (not, no)
- अकृतेन (akṛtena) - by actions not performed, by inaction (by what is not done, by inaction)
- इह (iha) - in this world, in this human existence (here, in this world)
- कश्चन (kaścana) - whatsoever, any (used with negation 'na' to mean 'nothing whatsoever') (anyone, anything, whatsoever)
- न (na) - nor (not, no)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अस्य (asya) - for him (referring to the self-realized person) (his, of him, for him)
- सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - among all beings (for dependence) (among all beings, towards all creatures)
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (with negation, 'no') (any, someone, something)
- अर्थव्यपाश्रयः (arthavyapāśrayaḥ) - any need to depend for an objective (artha) (dependence for an object, reliance for gain)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'arthaḥ'
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (only, just, indeed)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle
तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to the self-realized person) (his, for him, of him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Dative sense: 'for him'
कृतेन (kṛtena) - by actions performed (karma) (by what is done, by action)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed; deed, action
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Denotes agency or means
अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, gain, objective (purpose, object, gain, meaning, wealth)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of artha
artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, gain
Note: Subject of implied 'asti'
न (na) - nor (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects with the previous 'na' to form 'neither... nor...'
अकृतेन (akṛtena) - by actions not performed, by inaction (by what is not done, by inaction)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of akṛta
akṛta - not done, undone, not made
Past Passive Participle (negative)
negative compound of a- + kṛta
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṛta)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - kṛta – done, made, performed; deed, action
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Denotes agency or means
इह (iha) - in this world, in this human existence (here, in this world)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb of place
कश्चन (kaścana) - whatsoever, any (used with negation 'na' to mean 'nothing whatsoever') (anyone, anything, whatsoever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana
kaścana - anyone, anything, whatsoever (with negation, 'nothing whatsoever')
compound: kaścid (interrogative pronoun) + cana (particle)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (kaścid+cana)
- kaścid – someone, something, any
pronoun (masculine) - cana – even, also, and
indeclinable
Note: Refers to 'arthaḥ'
न (na) - nor (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects with previous negations
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction
अस्य (asya) - for him (referring to the self-realized person) (his, of him, for him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Dative sense: 'for him'
सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - among all beings (for dependence) (among all beings, towards all creatures)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta
sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures
compound: sarva (all) + bhūta (being)
Compound type : karma-dhāraya (sarva+bhūta)
- sarva – all, every, whole
adjective (masculine) - bhūta – being, creature, element, past
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Indicates the sphere of activity or relation
कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (with negation, 'no') (any, someone, something)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit
kaścit - someone, something, any
compound: ka (interrogative pronoun) + cit (particle)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (ka+cit)
- ka – who, what
pronoun (masculine) - cit – particle of indefiniteness
indeclinable
Note: Qualifies 'arthavyapāśrayaḥ'
अर्थव्यपाश्रयः (arthavyapāśrayaḥ) - any need to depend for an objective (artha) (dependence for an object, reliance for gain)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of arthavyapāśraya
arthavyapāśraya - dependence for a purpose, reliance for gain
compound: artha (purpose/gain) + vyapāśraya (reliance/dependence)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+vyapāśraya)
- artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth, gain
noun (masculine) - vyapāśraya – reliance, dependence, resort
noun (masculine)
from root śri with prefixes vi-apa-
Prefixes: vi+apa
Root: śri (class 1)
Note: Subject of implied 'asti'