भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-3, verse-10
सहयज्ञाः प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा पुरोवाच प्रजापतिः ।
अनेन प्रसविष्यध्वमेष वोऽस्त्विष्टकामधुक् ॥१०॥
अनेन प्रसविष्यध्वमेष वोऽस्त्विष्टकामधुक् ॥१०॥
10. sahayajñāḥ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā purovāca prajāpatiḥ ,
anena prasaviṣyadhvameṣa vo'stviṣṭakāmadhuk.
anena prasaviṣyadhvameṣa vo'stviṣṭakāmadhuk.
10.
sahayajñāḥ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā purā uvāca prajāpatiḥ
anena prasaviṣyadhvam eṣaḥ vaḥ astu iṣṭakāmadhuk
anena prasaviṣyadhvam eṣaḥ vaḥ astu iṣṭakāmadhuk
10.
prajāpatiḥ sahayajñāḥ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā purā uvāca
anena prasaviṣyadhvam eṣaḥ vaḥ iṣṭakāmadhuk astu
anena prasaviṣyadhvam eṣaḥ vaḥ iṣṭakāmadhuk astu
10.
In ancient times, Prajāpati, having created beings (prajā) along with sacrifice (yajña), said: 'By this (yajña), you shall multiply and prosper; may this (yajña) be your wish-fulfilling (kāmadhuk) giver of desires.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सहयज्ञाः (sahayajñāḥ) - along with sacrifice (yajña) (accompanied by sacrifices, along with yajña)
- प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - beings (prajā) (beings, creatures, progeny, people)
- सृष्ट्वा (sṛṣṭvā) - having created
- पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, anciently, in former times)
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Lord of creatures, creator, Prajāpati
- अनेन (anena) - by this (yajña) (by this, with this)
- प्रसविष्यध्वम् (prasaviṣyadhvam) - you shall multiply and prosper (you shall multiply, you shall prosper, you shall create)
- एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (yajña) (this, he)
- वः (vaḥ) - your (to you, your)
- अस्तु (astu) - may it be (let it be, may it be)
- इष्टकामधुक् (iṣṭakāmadhuk) - wish-fulfilling (kāmadhuk) giver of desires (wish-fulfilling, granting desired objects)
Words meanings and morphology
सहयज्ञाः (sahayajñāḥ) - along with sacrifice (yajña) (accompanied by sacrifices, along with yajña)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sahayajña
sahayajña - accompanied by sacrifices
Compound of saha (with) and yajña (sacrifice).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+yajña)
- saha – with, accompanied by
indeclinable - yajña – sacrifice, offering, worship (yajña)
noun (masculine)
From root yaj (to sacrifice, worship).
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'prajāḥ'.
प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - beings (prajā) (beings, creatures, progeny, people)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā
prajā - progeny, offspring, creature, people, subjects
From prefix pra + root jan (to be born).
Prefix: pra
Root: jan (class 4)
सृष्ट्वा (sṛṣṭvā) - having created
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root sṛj.
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Indeclinable participle.
पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, anciently, in former times)
(indeclinable)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)
प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Lord of creatures, creator, Prajāpati
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prajāpati
prajāpati - lord of creatures, creator, a name for Brahmā
Compound of prajā (creatures) and pati (lord).
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prajā+pati)
- prajā – progeny, offspring, creature
noun (feminine)
Prefix: pra
Root: jan (class 4) - pati – master, lord, husband
noun (masculine)
अनेन (anena) - by this (yajña) (by this, with this)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the yajña mentioned in the previous verse/implied context.
प्रसविष्यध्वम् (prasaviṣyadhvam) - you shall multiply and prosper (you shall multiply, you shall prosper, you shall create)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of pra-sū
Prefix: pra
Root: sū (class 2)
एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (yajña) (this, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etas
etas - this
Note: Refers to the yajña.
वः (vaḥ) - your (to you, your)
(pronoun)
Genitive, plural of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (plural)
Note: Enclitic form of genitive/dative plural of yuṣmad.
अस्तु (astu) - may it be (let it be, may it be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of as
Root: as (class 2)
इष्टकामधुक् (iṣṭakāmadhuk) - wish-fulfilling (kāmadhuk) giver of desires (wish-fulfilling, granting desired objects)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of iṣṭakāmadhuk
iṣṭakāmadhuk - wish-granting, granting desired objects, a wish-cow (Kāmadhenu)
Compound of iṣṭa (desired) and kāmadhuk (wish-milking/fulfilling, a wish-cow).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (iṣṭa+kāmadhuk)
- iṣṭa – desired, wished for, worshipped, sacrificed
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root iṣ (to wish, desire).
Root: iṣ (class 6) - kāmadhuk – wish-milking, wish-fulfilling, a mythical cow (Kāmadhenu) that grants all desires
noun (feminine)
agent noun
From kāma (desire) + root duh (to milk).
Root: duh (class 2)
Note: The final 'k' indicates sandhi.