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भगवद्गीता       bhagavad-gītā - chapter-3, verse-1

अर्जुन उवाच ।
ज्यायसी चेत्कर्मणस्ते मता बुद्धिर्जनार्दन ।
तत्किं कर्मणि घोरे मां नियोजयसि केशव ॥१॥
1. arjuna uvāca ,
jyāyasī cetkarmaṇaste matā buddhirjanārdana ,
tatkiṁ karmaṇi ghore māṁ niyojayasi keśava.
1. arjuna uvāca | jyāyasī cet karmaṇaḥ te matā buddhiḥ
janārdana | tat kim karmaṇi ghore mām niyojayasi keśava
1. arjuna uvāca janārdana,
cet karmaṇaḥ te buddhiḥ jyāyasī matā,
tat kim keśava mām ghore karmaṇi niyojayasi?
1. Arjuna said: O Janārdana, if wisdom (buddhi) is considered by you to be superior to action (karma), then why do you engage me in this dreadful action, O Keśava?

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna
  • उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
  • ज्यायसी (jyāyasī) - superior, greater, better
  • चेत् (cet) - if
  • कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - than action, from action, of action
  • ते (te) - by you, your, to you
  • मता (matā) - considered, thought, opined
  • बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, wisdom
  • जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Krishna (a name of Vishnu/Krishna) (O Janārdana)
  • तत् (tat) - then, therefore, in that case
  • किम् (kim) - why, what for
  • कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in action, in work
  • घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
  • माम् (mām) - me
  • नियोजयसि (niyojayasi) - you engage, you appoint, you direct
  • केशव (keśava) - O Krishna (a name of Vishnu/Krishna) (O Keśava)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna
arjuna - Arjuna (proper name)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)
ज्यायसी (jyāyasī) - superior, greater, better
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of jyāyas
jyāyas - superior, greater, better
Comparative degree of bahu (much) or mahat (great)
चेत् (cet) - if
(indeclinable)
कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - than action, from action, of action
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, destiny
Derived from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used here to express comparison (than action).
ते (te) - by you, your, to you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Here in the sense of 'by you' for the passive participle 'matā'.
मता (matā) - considered, thought, opined
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mata
mata - considered, thought, agreed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root man
Root: man (class 4)
बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, wisdom
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi
buddhi - intellect, understanding, wisdom
Derived from root budh
Root: budh (class 1)
जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Krishna (a name of Vishnu/Krishna) (O Janārdana)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana
janārdana - agitator of men, destroyer of wicked men
तत् (tat) - then, therefore, in that case
(indeclinable)
किम् (kim) - why, what for
(indeclinable)
कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in action, in work
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, destiny
Derived from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of ghora
ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, violent
Note: Modifying 'karmaṇi'.
माम् (mām) - me
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
नियोजयसि (niyojayasi) - you engage, you appoint, you direct
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of niyojaya
Causative verb form
Derived from root yuj with prefix ni, and causative suffix -i
Prefix: ni
Root: yuj (class 7)
केशव (keśava) - O Krishna (a name of Vishnu/Krishna) (O Keśava)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava
keśava - he who has beautiful hair, slayer of the demon Keśī