भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-17, verse-5
अशास्त्रविहितं घोरं तप्यन्ते ये तपो जनाः ।
दम्भाहंकारसंयुक्ताः कामरागबलान्विताः ॥५॥
दम्भाहंकारसंयुक्ताः कामरागबलान्विताः ॥५॥
5. aśāstravihitaṁ ghoraṁ tapyante ye tapo janāḥ ,
dambhāhaṁkārasaṁyuktāḥ kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ.
dambhāhaṁkārasaṁyuktāḥ kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ.
5.
aśāstravihitam ghoram tapyante ye tapaḥ janāḥ
| dambhāhaṃkārasaṃyuktāḥ kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ
| dambhāhaṃkārasaṃyuktāḥ kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ
5.
ye janāḥ aśāstravihitam ghoram tapaḥ tapyante
dambhāhaṃkārasaṃyuktāḥ kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ
dambhāhaṃkārasaṃyuktāḥ kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ
5.
Those persons who undertake severe asceticism (tapas) not enjoined by the scriptures, being full of hypocrisy and ego (ahaṅkāra), and driven by desire, attachment, and force...
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अशास्त्रविहितम् (aśāstravihitam) - asceticism not enjoined by the scriptures (not prescribed by scriptures, unauthorized by scriptures)
- घोरम् (ghoram) - severe (terrible, dreadful, severe, fierce)
- तप्यन्ते (tapyante) - they perform asceticism (they perform asceticism, they undergo penance, they heat themselves)
- ये (ye) - those who (those who, which)
- तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (asceticism, penance, heat)
- जनाः (janāḥ) - persons (people, persons, men)
- दम्भाहंकारसंयुक्ताः (dambhāhaṁkārasaṁyuktāḥ) - full of hypocrisy and ego (ahaṅkāra) (united with hypocrisy and ego)
- कामरागबलान्विताः (kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ) - driven by desire, attachment, and force (possessed of desire, attachment, and force)
Words meanings and morphology
अशास्त्रविहितम् (aśāstravihitam) - asceticism not enjoined by the scriptures (not prescribed by scriptures, unauthorized by scriptures)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of aśāstravihita
aśāstravihita - not prescribed by scriptures, unauthorized by scriptures
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (aśāstra+vihita)
- aśāstra – not scripture, contrary to scripture
noun (neuter) - vihita – ordained, enjoined, prescribed, arranged
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √dhā (to place, put) with prefix vi + hi
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: modifies 'tapaḥ'
घोरम् (ghoram) - severe (terrible, dreadful, severe, fierce)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora
ghora - terrible, dreadful, severe, fierce
Note: modifies 'tapaḥ'
तप्यन्ते (tapyante) - they perform asceticism (they perform asceticism, they undergo penance, they heat themselves)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (lat) of tap
Present Indicative
Root: tap (class 4)
ये (ye) - those who (those who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: refers to 'janāḥ'
तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (asceticism, penance, heat)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - asceticism, penance, heat, religious austerity
Note: object of 'tapyante'
जनाः (janāḥ) - persons (people, persons, men)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of jana
jana - person, man, creature, folk
Note: subject of 'tapyante'
दम्भाहंकारसंयुक्ताः (dambhāhaṁkārasaṁyuktāḥ) - full of hypocrisy and ego (ahaṅkāra) (united with hypocrisy and ego)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dambhāhaṃkārasaṃyukta
dambhāhaṁkārasaṁyukta - united with hypocrisy and ego
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dambha+ahaṃkāra+saṃyukta)
- dambha – hypocrisy, pride, deceit
noun (masculine) - ahaṃkāra – ego, self-conceit, egoism
noun (masculine) - saṃyukta – joined, united, connected, endowed with
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √yuj (to join) with prefix sam
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: modifies 'janāḥ'
कामरागबलान्विताः (kāmarāgabalānvitāḥ) - driven by desire, attachment, and force (possessed of desire, attachment, and force)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kāmarāgabalānvita
kāmarāgabalānvita - possessed of desire, attachment, and force
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+rāga+bala+anvita)
- kāma – desire, wish, longing
noun (masculine) - rāga – attachment, passion, affection, color
noun (masculine) - bala – strength, power, force
noun (neuter) - anvita – accompanied, connected, endowed with, possessed of
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √i (to go) with prefix anu, in past passive sense.
Prefix: anu
Root: i (class 2)
Note: modifies 'janāḥ'