भगवद्गीता bhagavad-gītā - chapter-17, verse-28

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अश्रद्धया हुतं दत्तं तपस्तप्तं कृतं च यत् ।
असदित्युच्यते पार्थ न च तत्प्रेत्य नो इह ॥२८॥

28. aśraddhayā hutaṁ dattaṁ tapastaptaṁ kṛtaṁ ca yat ,
asadityucyate pārtha na ca tatpretya no iha.

28. aśraddhayā hutam dattam tapastaptam kṛtam ca yat
asat iti ucyate pārtha na ca tat pretya na u iha

28. pārtha yat aśraddhayā hutam dattam tapastaptam ca
kṛtam tat asat iti ucyate ca tat na pretya u na iha

28. Whatever is offered, given (as charity), or any austerity (tapas) practiced or action (karma) performed without faith (śraddhā), O Pārtha, is called 'asat'. It yields no benefit either after death or in this world.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अश्रद्धया (aśraddhayā) - lacking genuine faith (śraddhā) or sincerity (without faith, without trust, without conviction)

हुतम् (hutam) - anything offered to the gods in a ritual (offered, sacrificed (into fire))

दत्तम् (dattam) - anything given as charity or a gift (given, bestowed)

तपस्तप्तम् (tapastaptam) - any spiritual discipline (tapas) that has been performed (austerity practiced, penance performed)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - any action (karma) that has been performed (performed, done, made)

च (ca) - connecting different types of actions (and, also)

यत् (yat) - whatever (action) is done without faith (whatever, which)

असत् (asat) - lacking reality or beneficial effect; 'not sat' (non-existent, unreal, bad, false)

इति (iti) - marking 'asat' as a direct quote or concept (thus, so, denoting quotation or purpose)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called 'asat' (is called, is declared, is said)

पार्थ (pārtha) - addressing Arjuna (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

न (na) - it is not beneficial (not, no)

च (ca) - and also not (beneficial) (and, also)

तत् (tat) - that (action performed without faith) (that)

प्रेत्य (pretya) - in the afterlife or beyond this life (after death, in the next world)

न (na) - nor (not, no)

उ (u) - nor indeed, a particle emphasizing the negation (indeed, also, or)

इह (iha) - in this present existence (here, in this world)

Words meanings and morphology

अश्रद्धया (aśraddhayā) - lacking genuine faith (śraddhā) or sincerity (without faith, without trust, without conviction)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of aśraddhā

aśraddhā - lack of faith, distrust, insincerity

Compound of `a-` (negation) + `śraddhā` (faith).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+śraddhā)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
śraddhā – faith, trust, confidence, sincerity
noun (feminine)
From `śrat` (heart, truth) + root `dhā` (to place).
Root: dhā (class 3)

हुतम् (hutam) - anything offered to the gods in a ritual (offered, sacrificed (into fire))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of huta

huta - offered, sacrificed, invoked (as an oblation)

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root `hu` (to offer into fire).

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Used as a neuter noun, 'that which is offered'.

दत्तम् (dattam) - anything given as charity or a gift (given, bestowed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root `dā` (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used as a neuter noun, 'that which is given'.

तपस्तप्तम् (tapastaptam) - any spiritual discipline (tapas) that has been performed (austerity practiced, penance performed)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapastapta

tapastapta - austerity (tapas) practiced/performed

Compound of `tapas` (austerity) and `tapta` (practiced, past passive participle of `tap`).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tapas+tapta)

tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual discipline
noun (neuter)
From root `tap` (to heat, practice austerity).
Root: tap (class 4)
tapta – practiced, heated, performed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root `tap` (to heat, practice austerity) + suffix `ta`.
Root: tap (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `hutam`, `dattam`, `kṛtam` in form and meaning.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - any action (karma) that has been performed (performed, done, made)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root `kṛ` (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a neuter noun, 'that which is done', referring to an action (karma).

च (ca) - connecting different types of actions (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - whatever (action) is done without faith (whatever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

असत् (asat) - lacking reality or beneficial effect; 'not sat' (non-existent, unreal, bad, false)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, bad, false, evil

Compound of `a-` (negation) + `sat` (existent, good).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+sat)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
sat – being, existing, real, true, good, virtuous
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of root `as` (to be).
Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a noun, 'that which is asat'.

इति (iti) - marking 'asat' as a direct quote or concept (thus, so, denoting quotation or purpose)

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called 'asat' (is called, is declared, is said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

Root `vac` (2nd class) -> `uc` (vowel change) + passive marker `ya` + 3rd person singular middle ending `te`.

Root: vac (class 2)

पार्थ (pārtha) - addressing Arjuna (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha