भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-17, verse-23
ओं तत्सदिति निर्देशो ब्रह्मणस्त्रिविधः स्मृतः ।
ब्राह्मणास्तेन वेदाश्च यज्ञाश्च विहिताः पुरा ॥२३॥
ब्राह्मणास्तेन वेदाश्च यज्ञाश्च विहिताः पुरा ॥२३॥
23. oṁ tatsaditi nirdeśo brahmaṇastrividhaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
brāhmaṇāstena vedāśca yajñāśca vihitāḥ purā.
brāhmaṇāstena vedāśca yajñāśca vihitāḥ purā.
23.
om tat sat iti nirdeśaḥ brahmaṇaḥ trividhaḥ smṛtaḥ
brāhmaṇāḥ tena vedāḥ ca yajñāḥ ca vihitāḥ purā
brāhmaṇāḥ tena vedāḥ ca yajñāḥ ca vihitāḥ purā
23.
om tat sat iti brahmaṇaḥ trividhaḥ nirdeśaḥ smṛtaḥ.
tena brāhmaṇāḥ vedāḥ ca yajñāḥ ca purā vihitāḥ
tena brāhmaṇāḥ vedāḥ ca yajñāḥ ca purā vihitāḥ
23.
The designation "Om Tat Sat" is traditionally understood as the threefold name of the ultimate reality (brahman). By these three utterances, the Brahmins, the Vedic scriptures, and the sacrificial rites (yajña) were created in ancient times.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ओम् (om) - the sacred syllable Om
- तत् (tat) - that (referring to brahman) (that, it)
- सत् (sat) - reality, being (existence, reality, good, being)
- इति (iti) - thus (introducing or concluding a quote/phrase) (thus, so, in this way, denoting direct speech or thought)
- निर्देशः (nirdeśaḥ) - designation, name (designation, instruction, indication)
- ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of the ultimate reality (brahman) (of brahman)
- त्रिविधः (trividhaḥ) - threefold (threefold, of three kinds)
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is traditionally remembered, considered (remembered, considered, traditionally taught)
- ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the Brahmins (Brahmins, members of the priestly class)
- तेन (tena) - by that (by these designations 'Om Tat Sat') (by that, by him, by it)
- वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas (the Vedas, sacred knowledge)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- यज्ञाः (yajñāḥ) - the sacrificial rites (yajña) (sacrifices, rituals)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - were created, ordained (ordained, prescribed, created, performed)
- पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times, before)
Words meanings and morphology
ओम् (om) - the sacred syllable Om
(indeclinable)
तत् (tat) - that (referring to brahman) (that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Part of the sacred mantra 'Om Tat Sat'.
सत् (sat) - reality, being (existence, reality, good, being)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sat
sat - being, existing, real, good, virtuous
Present Active Participle
from root as (to be)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Part of the sacred mantra 'Om Tat Sat'.
इति (iti) - thus (introducing or concluding a quote/phrase) (thus, so, in this way, denoting direct speech or thought)
(indeclinable)
निर्देशः (nirdeśaḥ) - designation, name (designation, instruction, indication)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdeśa
nirdeśa - designation, instruction, indication, direction
from root diś with upasarga nir
Prefix: nir
Root: diś (class 6)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of the ultimate reality (brahman) (of brahman)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman
brahman - the ultimate reality, the absolute, the supreme spirit
Root: bṛh (class 1)
Note: Possessive case, 'of brahman'.
त्रिविधः (trividhaḥ) - threefold (threefold, of three kinds)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of trividha
trividha - threefold, of three kinds
from tri (three) + vidha (kind)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+vidha)
- tri – three
numeral - vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'nirdeśaḥ'.
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is traditionally remembered, considered (remembered, considered, traditionally taught)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, considered, mentioned, traditionally taught
Past Passive Participle
from root smṛ
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective, agrees with 'nirdeśaḥ'.
ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the Brahmins (Brahmins, members of the priestly class)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
from brahman (Veda/priesthood)
Note: One of the subjects of 'vihitāḥ'.
तेन (tena) - by that (by these designations 'Om Tat Sat') (by that, by him, by it)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to the 'trividha nirdeśa' (threefold designation).
वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas (the Vedas, sacred knowledge)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of veda
veda - sacred knowledge, the Vedas (Rgveda, Yajurveda, Sāmaveda, Atharvaveda)
from root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: One of the subjects of 'vihitāḥ'.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'brāhmaṇāḥ' and 'vedāḥ'.
यज्ञाः (yajñāḥ) - the sacrificial rites (yajña) (sacrifices, rituals)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, worship, ritual
from root yaj (to sacrifice)
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: One of the subjects of 'vihitāḥ'.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'vedāḥ' and 'yajñāḥ'.
विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - were created, ordained (ordained, prescribed, created, performed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vihita
vihita - ordained, prescribed, created, performed, assigned
Past Passive Participle
from root dhā with upasarga vi
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Predicate adjective, agrees with 'brāhmaṇāḥ', 'vedāḥ', 'yajñāḥ'.
पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times, before)
(indeclinable)