भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-17, verse-12
अभिसंधाय तु फलं दम्भार्थमपि चैव यत् ।
इज्यते भरतश्रेष्ठ तं यज्ञं विद्धि राजसम् ॥१२॥
इज्यते भरतश्रेष्ठ तं यज्ञं विद्धि राजसम् ॥१२॥
12. abhisaṁdhāya tu phalaṁ dambhārthamapi caiva yat ,
ijyate bharataśreṣṭha taṁ yajñaṁ viddhi rājasam.
ijyate bharataśreṣṭha taṁ yajñaṁ viddhi rājasam.
12.
abhisaṃdhāya tu phalam dambhārtham api ca eva yat
ijyate bharataśreṣṭha tam yajñam viddhi rājasam
ijyate bharataśreṣṭha tam yajñam viddhi rājasam
12.
bharataśreṣṭha! tu phalam abhisamdhāya,
api ca eva dambhārtham yat ijyate,
tam yajñam rājasam viddhi
api ca eva dambhārtham yat ijyate,
tam yajñam rājasam viddhi
12.
But, O best among the Bharatas (bharataśreṣṭha), know that ritual performance (yajña) which is offered with the intention of achieving fruits, and even for the sake of ostentation, to be in the mode of passion (rajas).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अभिसंधाय (abhisaṁdhāya) - having intended, having aimed at, having planned
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however
- फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence
- दम्भार्थम् (dambhārtham) - for the sake of hypocrisy/ostentation
- अपि (api) - also, even
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly
- यत् (yat) - which
- इज्यते (ijyate) - is performed, is sacrificed, is offered
- भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - A vocative title for Arjuna, identifying him as the best descendant of King Bharata. (O best among the Bharatas)
- तम् (tam) - that (yajña) (that)
- यज्ञम् (yajñam) - sacrifice (yajña), ritual performance
- विद्धि (viddhi) - know
- राजसम् (rājasam) - rajasic, in the mode of passion (rajas)
Words meanings and morphology
अभिसंधाय (abhisaṁdhāya) - having intended, having aimed at, having planned
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From prefixes 'abhi' + 'sam' + root 'dhā' (to place, fix, aim at) with suffix -ya
Prefixes: abhi+sam
Root: dhā (class 3)
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however
(indeclinable)
फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of phala
phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward
दम्भार्थम् (dambhārtham) - for the sake of hypocrisy/ostentation
(indeclinable)
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dambha+artha)
- dambha – hypocrisy, ostentation, deceit, pride
noun (masculine) - artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
noun (masculine)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly
(indeclinable)
यत् (yat) - which
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to 'yajñam'.
इज्यते (ijyate) - is performed, is sacrificed, is offered
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of yaj
Root: yaj (class 1)
भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - A vocative title for Arjuna, identifying him as the best descendant of King Bharata. (O best among the Bharatas)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha
bharataśreṣṭha - best among the Bharatas (a title for Arjuna)
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)
- bharata – descendant of Bharata (name of a legendary king), supporter, bearer
proper noun (masculine) - śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior
adjective
Superlative form of 'praśasya' or 'praśasta' (excellent).
तम् (tam) - that (yajña) (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'yajñam'.
यज्ञम् (yajñam) - sacrifice (yajña), ritual performance
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, ritual, worship, devotion, offering
Derived from root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship)
Root: yaj (class 1)
विद्धि (viddhi) - know
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of vid
Root: vid (class 2)
राजसम् (rājasam) - rajasic, in the mode of passion (rajas)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of rājasa
rājasa - relating to rajas, passionate, belonging to the quality of passion
Derived from 'rajas' (passion) + 'aṇ' (suffix for 'relating to')
Note: Predicate adjective for 'yajñam'.