भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-17, verse-11
अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्यज्ञो विधिदृष्टो य इज्यते ।
यष्टव्यमेवेति मनः समाधाय स सात्त्विकः ॥११॥
यष्टव्यमेवेति मनः समाधाय स सात्त्विकः ॥११॥
11. aphalākāṅkṣibhiryajño vidhidṛṣṭo ya ijyate ,
yaṣṭavyameveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ.
yaṣṭavyameveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ.
11.
aphalākāṅkṣibhiḥ yajñaḥ vidhidṛṣṭaḥ yaḥ ijyate
yaṣṭavyam eva iti manaḥ samādhāya saḥ sāttvikaḥ
yaṣṭavyam eva iti manaḥ samādhāya saḥ sāttvikaḥ
11.
yaḥ yajñaḥ aphālakaṅkṣibhiḥ vidhidṛṣṭaḥ ijyate,
yaṣṭavyam eva iti manaḥ samādhāya,
saḥ sāttvikaḥ
yaṣṭavyam eva iti manaḥ samādhāya,
saḥ sāttvikaḥ
11.
That ritual performance (yajña) which is offered by those who do not desire its fruits, and which is prescribed by scripture, by fixing their mind with the thought 'It is certainly to be performed as a duty'—that (yajña) is considered to be in the mode of goodness (sattva).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिः (aphalākāṅkṣibhiḥ) - by those who do not desire fruits (of action)
- यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice (yajña), ritual performance
- विधिदृष्टः (vidhidṛṣṭaḥ) - enjoined by scriptural rules, prescribed by ordinances
- यः (yaḥ) - which
- इज्यते (ijyate) - is performed, is sacrificed, is worshipped
- यष्टव्यम् (yaṣṭavyam) - it is to be sacrificed, it is to be performed (as a duty)
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
- इति (iti) - introducing or concluding a quote or thought (thus, so, in this way)
- मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart
- समाधाय (samādhāya) - having fixed, having concentrated, having composed
- सः (saḥ) - that (yajña) (that (he, it))
- सात्त्विकः (sāttvikaḥ) - sattvic, in the mode of goodness (sattva)
Words meanings and morphology
अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिः (aphalākāṅkṣibhiḥ) - by those who do not desire fruits (of action)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of aphalākāṅkṣin
aphalākāṅkṣin - not desiring fruits, one who does not long for results
Agent Noun/Adjective
Derived from 'a' (negation) + 'phala' (fruit) + 'ākāṅkṣin' (desiring); 'ākāṅkṣin' is an agent noun from 'ā + √kāṅkṣ'
Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+phala+ākāṅkṣin)
- a – not, un-, in- (negation prefix)
indeclinable - phala – fruit, result, consequence
noun (neuter) - ākāṅkṣin – desiring, longing for, wishing
adjective
Agent Noun/Adjective (suffix -in)
Derived from prefix 'ā' + root 'kāṅkṣ' (to desire)
Prefix: ā
Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)
यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice (yajña), ritual performance
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, ritual, worship, devotion, offering
Derived from root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship)
Root: yaj (class 1)
विधिदृष्टः (vidhidṛṣṭaḥ) - enjoined by scriptural rules, prescribed by ordinances
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhidṛṣṭa
vidhidṛṣṭa - seen by rule, enjoined by scripture, prescribed by religious ordinance
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vidhi+dṛṣṭa)
- vidhi – rule, ordinance, injunction, method, destiny
noun (masculine)
Derived from prefix 'vi' + root 'dhā' (to place, arrange)
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3) - dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived, ascertained
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'dṛś' (to see)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'yajñaḥ'.
यः (yaḥ) - which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to 'yajñaḥ'.
इज्यते (ijyate) - is performed, is sacrificed, is worshipped
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of yaj
Root: yaj (class 1)
यष्टव्यम् (yaṣṭavyam) - it is to be sacrificed, it is to be performed (as a duty)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yaṣṭavya
yaṣṭavya - to be sacrificed, to be worshipped, to be performed (as a duty)
Gerundive / Potential Passive Participle
From root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship) with suffix -tavya
Root: yaj (class 1)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
इति (iti) - introducing or concluding a quote or thought (thus, so, in this way)
(indeclinable)
मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought, intention
समाधाय (samādhāya) - having fixed, having concentrated, having composed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From prefixes 'sam' + 'ā' + root 'dhā' (to place, fix, concentrate) with suffix -ya
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: dhā (class 3)
सः (saḥ) - that (yajña) (that (he, it))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers back to 'yajñaḥ'.
सात्त्विकः (sāttvikaḥ) - sattvic, in the mode of goodness (sattva)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sāttvika
sāttvika - relating to sattva, pure, good, virtuous, serene
Derived from 'sattva' (goodness) + 'ṭhak' (suffix for 'relating to')
Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ' (yajñaḥ).