भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-17, verse-10
यातयामं गतरसं पूति पर्युषितं च यत् ।
उच्छिष्टमपि चामेध्यं भोजनं तामसप्रियम् ॥१०॥
उच्छिष्टमपि चामेध्यं भोजनं तामसप्रियम् ॥१०॥
10. yātayāmaṁ gatarasaṁ pūti paryuṣitaṁ ca yat ,
ucchiṣṭamapi cāmedhyaṁ bhojanaṁ tāmasapriyam.
ucchiṣṭamapi cāmedhyaṁ bhojanaṁ tāmasapriyam.
10.
yātayāmam gatarasam pūti paryuṣitam ca yat
ucchiṣṭam api ca amedhyam bhojanam tāmasapriyam
ucchiṣṭam api ca amedhyam bhojanam tāmasapriyam
10.
yat yātayāmam gatarasam pūti ca paryuṣitam api ca ucchiṣṭam amedhyam bhojanam,
tat tāmasapriyam
tat tāmasapriyam
10.
Whatever food is stale, tasteless, putrid, rotten, left over from the previous day, as well as the remnants of others, and impure—such food is dear to those in the mode of ignorance (tamas).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यातयामम् (yātayāmam) - stale, that which has lost its strength or freshness
- गतरसम् (gatarasam) - tasteless, that which has lost its savor
- पूति (pūti) - putrid, foul-smelling, rotten
- पर्युषितम् (paryuṣitam) - stale, left over from the previous day
- च (ca) - and
- यत् (yat) - which, whatever
- उच्छिष्टम् (ucchiṣṭam) - remnants, leavings (of food eaten by others)
- अपि (api) - also, even
- च (ca) - and
- अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - impure, unholy
- भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, meal
- तामसप्रियम् (tāmasapriyam) - dear to those in the mode of ignorance (tamas)
Words meanings and morphology
यातयामम् (yātayāmam) - stale, that which has lost its strength or freshness
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yātayāma
yātayāma - that which has passed its 'yāma' (a watch of the day), stale, flat, insipid, that which has lost its quality or strength
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (yāta+yāma)
- yāta – gone, passed, departed
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'yā' (to go)
Root: yā (class 2) - yāma – a watch of the day (3 hours), a period of time, journey
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifying 'bhojanam'.
गतरसम् (gatarasam) - tasteless, that which has lost its savor
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of gatarasa
gatarasa - that which has lost its taste or essence, tasteless, insipid
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (gata+rasa)
- gata – gone, departed, obtained
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gam' (to go)
Root: gam (class 1) - rasa – taste, flavor, essence, juice, emotion
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifying 'bhojanam'.
पूति (pūti) - putrid, foul-smelling, rotten
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pūti
pūti - foul, putrid, stinking, decayed
From root 'pūy' (to stink, decay)
Root: pūy (class 1)
Note: Qualifying 'bhojanam'.
पर्युषितम् (paryuṣitam) - stale, left over from the previous day
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of paryuṣita
paryuṣita - left over from the previous day, stale, resided around
Past Passive Participle
From prefix 'pari' + root 'vas' (to dwell, stay)
Prefix: pari
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Qualifying 'bhojanam'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
यत् (yat) - which, whatever
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to 'bhojanam'.
उच्छिष्टम् (ucchiṣṭam) - remnants, leavings (of food eaten by others)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ucchiṣṭa
ucchiṣṭa - left over, remnants (especially of food eaten by another), impure, defiled
Past Passive Participle
From prefix 'ud' + root 'śiṣ' (to leave, remain)
Prefix: ud
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Functioning as a noun, implicitly qualifying 'bhojanam'.
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - impure, unholy
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of amedhya
amedhya - impure, unholy, unfit for sacred rites
Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+medhya)
- a – not, un-, in- (negation prefix)
indeclinable - medhya – pure, sacred, fit for sacrifice, suitable
adjective
Note: Qualifying 'bhojanam'.
भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, meal
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana
bhojana - food, eating, meal
Derived from root 'bhuj' (to eat, enjoy)
Root: bhuj (class 7)
तामसप्रियम् (tāmasapriyam) - dear to those in the mode of ignorance (tamas)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tāmasapriya
tāmasapriya - dear to those of a tāmasa nature, liked by tāmasic persons
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tāmasa+priya)
- tāmasa – relating to tamas, ignorant, dull, dark
adjective (masculine)
Derived from 'tamas' (ignorance, darkness) + 'aṇ' (suffix for 'relating to') - priya – dear, beloved, agreeable, liked
adjective
From root 'prī' (to please, love)
Root: prī (class 9)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'bhojanam'.