वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-47, verse-19

तेन बिभ्यति खल्वस्माल् लोकाः सामरदानवाः ।
अयं ह्युत्सहते क्रुद्धः कर्तुमेकार्णवं जगत् ॥१९॥

19. tena bibhyati khalvasmāl lokāḥ sāmaradānavāḥ ,
ayaṃ hyutsahate kruddhaḥ kartumekārṇavaṃ jagat.

19. tena bibhyati khalu asmāt lokāḥ sāmaradānavāḥ
ayam hi utsahate kruddhaḥ kartum ekārṇavam jagat

19. khalu tena asmāt sāmaradānavāḥ lokāḥ bibhyati hi
ayam kruddhaḥ jagat ekārṇavam kartum utsahate

19. Indeed, the worlds, including gods and dānavas, fear him. For this one, when enraged, dares to turn the entire world into a single ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by him, from him, by that

• बिभ्यति (bibhyati) - they fear, they are afraid

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this, from him

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, people, realms

• सामरदानवाः (sāmaradānavāḥ) - along with gods and dānavas, including gods and dānavas

• अयम् (ayam) - this (he)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• उत्सहते (utsahate) - he is able, he dares, he ventures

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

• एकार्णवम् (ekārṇavam) - a single ocean, one vast ocean

• जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe, all that moves

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by him, from him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Functions with 'asmāt' in an ablative sense: 'from him'.

बिभ्यति (bibhyati) - they fear, they are afraid

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhī

Present tense, active voice

Root 'bhī' (class 3, reduplicated) + anti (present third plural ending)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Main verb.

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this, from him

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: The object of fear (from whom they fear). Refers to Ravana.

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, people, realms

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, universe, people

Root: lok (class 10)

सामरदानवाः (sāmaradānavāḥ) - along with gods and dānavas, including gods and dānavas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāmaradānava

sāmaradānava - together with gods (amara) and dānavas

Compound: 'sa' (with) + 'amara' (god) + 'dānava' (demon).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+amara+dānava)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• amara – immortal, god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  a- (not) + mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• dānava – demon, son of Danu (a class of asuras)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from Danu

Note: Qualifies 'lokāḥ'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ravana. Subject of 'utsahate'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

उत्सहते (utsahate) - he is able, he dares, he ventures

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ut-sah

Present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root 'sah' (class 1) + 'ut' (prefix) + te (present third singular middle ending)

Prefix: ut

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle (used actively)

Root krudh (to be angry) + kta (suffix)

Root: krudh (class 4)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root 'kṛ' (class 8) + tumun (infinitive suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एकार्णवम् (ekārṇavam) - a single ocean, one vast ocean

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekārṇava

ekārṇava - a single ocean, one vast ocean (describes the world at the time of dissolution)

Compound: 'eka' (one) + 'arṇava' (ocean).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+arṇava)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Predicative accusative, stating what the world would become.

जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe, all that moves

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - the world, the universe, all that moves, moving

Present Active Participle (used as noun)

Root gam (to go) with reduplication + śatṛ.

Root: gam (class 1)