वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-44, verse-8

एवं संचोदिताः सर्वे राज्ञा वानरयूथपाः ।
स्वां स्वां दिशमभिप्रेत्य त्वरिताः संप्रतस्थिरे ॥८॥

8. evaṃ saṃcoditāḥ sarve rājñā vānarayūthapāḥ ,
svāṃ svāṃ diśamabhipretya tvaritāḥ saṃpratasthire.

8. evam samcoditāḥ sarve rājñā vānara-yūthapāḥ svām
svām diśam abhipretya tvaritāḥ sampratastire

8. evam rājñā samcoditāḥ sarve vānara-yūthapāḥ svām
svām diśam abhipretya tvaritāḥ sampratastire

8. In this manner, all the commanders of the monkey troops, having been urged by the king, quickly set out for their respective directions.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner, accordingly (thus, in this manner, so)

• सम्चोदिताः (samcoditāḥ) - having been urged, dispatched (urged, impelled, dispatched)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, entire)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Rama) (by the king, by a ruler)

• वानर-यूथपाः (vānara-yūthapāḥ) - commanders of the monkey troops (monkey troop leaders, monkey generals)

• स्वाम् (svām) - their own (each one's own) (own)

• स्वाम् (svām) - their own (each one's own) (own)

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction (specific destination) (direction, quarter)

• अभिप्रेत्य (abhipretya) - having set out towards (having aimed at, having intended, having set out for)

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - quickly, in a hurry (hastened, quickened, swift)

• सम्प्रतस्तिरे (sampratastire) - they quickly departed (they set out, they departed)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this manner, accordingly (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb from 'e' (this) + 'va' (like).

Note: Refers to the way the king urged them.

सम्चोदिताः (samcoditāḥ) - having been urged, dispatched (urged, impelled, dispatched)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samcodita

samcodita - urged, impelled, dispatched, incited

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' (prefix) + causative stem 'coday-' of root 'cud' (to urge) + 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 1)

Note: Denotes the state of the monkey leaders.

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, entire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Rama) (by the king, by a ruler)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'samcoditāḥ'.

वानर-यूथपाः (vānara-yūthapāḥ) - commanders of the monkey troops (monkey troop leaders, monkey generals)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara-yūthapa

vānara-yūthapa - chief of monkey troops, monkey general

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+yūthapa)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – commander of a troop, leader of a herd
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'sampratastire'.

स्वाम् (svām) - their own (each one's own) (own)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own

Note: Modifies 'diśam'.

स्वाम् (svām) - their own (each one's own) (own)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own

Note: Emphasizes that each went to their own direction.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction (specific destination) (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region, point of the compass

Note: Object of the verb 'abhipretya'.

अभिप्रेत्य (abhipretya) - having set out towards (having aimed at, having intended, having set out for)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from 'abhi' (towards) + 'pra' (forth) + root 'i' (to go) + 'lyaP' suffix.

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Precedes the main verb 'sampratastire'.

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - quickly, in a hurry (hastened, quickened, swift)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quickened, swift, urgent

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hasten) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vānara-yūthapāḥ'.

सम्प्रतस्तिरे (sampratastire) - they quickly departed (they set out, they departed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active (Ātmanepada), perfect (liṭ) of sthā

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'sthā' (class 1P) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'. 'sampratiṣṭha' -> 'sampratastire' (Ātmanepada, 3rd plural).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'vānara-yūthapāḥ'.

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