वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-44, verse-10

अहमेको हनिष्यामि प्राप्तं रावणमाहवे ।
ततश्चोन्मथ्य सहसा हरिष्ये जनकात्मजाम् ॥१०॥

10. ahameko haniṣyāmi prāptaṃ rāvaṇamāhave ,
tataśconmathya sahasā hariṣye janakātmajām.

10. aham ekaḥ haniṣyāmi prāptam rāvaṇam āhave
tataḥ ca unmathya sahasā hariṣye janaka-ātmajām

10. aham ekaḥ āhave prāptam rāvaṇam haniṣyāmi
tataḥ ca sahasā unmathya janaka-ātmajām hariṣye

10. "I alone shall kill Rāvaṇa when he is encountered in battle. Then, having swiftly overpowered him, I shall bring back Janaka's daughter (Sītā)."

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I (first person singular) (I)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - I alone, by myself (one, alone, single)

• हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I shall kill (I shall kill, I shall strike)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - encountered (obtained, reached, encountered, arrived)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king) (Rāvaṇa (proper noun))

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, during the fight (in battle, in combat)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thereafter, from that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उन्मथ्य (unmathya) - having swiftly overpowered (having churned, having destroyed, having crushed, having overpowered)

• सहसा (sahasā) - swiftly, forcefully (suddenly, forcefully, quickly, by force)

• हरिष्ये (hariṣye) - I shall bring back, I shall carry away (I shall take, I shall carry off, I shall steal, I shall remove)

• जनक-आत्मजाम् (janaka-ātmajām) - Janaka's daughter (Sītā) (Janaka's daughter, Sītā)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I (first person singular) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'haniṣyāmi' and 'hariṣye'.

एकः (ekaḥ) - I alone, by myself (one, alone, single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with 'aham' (implied masculine speaker).

हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I shall kill (I shall kill, I shall strike)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of han

Future Active

Future tense, 1st person singular, Parasmaipada.

Root: han (class 2)

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - encountered (obtained, reached, encountered, arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, approached, arrived, encountered

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' (forth) + root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) + 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Describes Rāvaṇa's state when killed.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king) (Rāvaṇa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Lanka)

Note: Object of 'haniṣyāmi'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, during the fight (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat, conflict

From 'ā' (towards) + root 'hū' (to call, challenge) or 'hu' (to sacrifice) + 'a' suffix. (Root 'hve' 'to call' is also relevant).

Prefix: ā

Root: hū / hve (class 3)

Note: Locative of time/place for the action of killing.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + 'tas-il' suffix (ablative sense).

Note: Indicates a sequence of actions.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the actions.

उन्मथ्य (unmathya) - having swiftly overpowered (having churned, having destroyed, having crushed, having overpowered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from 'ud' (up, out) + root 'math' (class 1P/9P) + 'lyaP' suffix.

Prefix: ud

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Describes an action preceding 'hariṣye'.

सहसा (sahasā) - swiftly, forcefully (suddenly, forcefully, quickly, by force)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of 'sahas' (masculine/neuter noun) used adverbially.

Note: Modifies 'unmathya' and 'hariṣye'.

हरिष्ये (hariṣye) - I shall bring back, I shall carry away (I shall take, I shall carry off, I shall steal, I shall remove)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active (Ātmanepada), future (lṛṭ) of hṛ

Future Active

Future tense, 1st person singular, Ātmanepada.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The object is 'janaka-ātmajām'.

जनक-आत्मजाम् (janaka-ātmajām) - Janaka's daughter (Sītā) (Janaka's daughter, Sītā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of janaka-ātmajā

janaka-ātmajā - daughter of Janaka, Sītā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (name of a king, father of Sītā)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmajā – daughter, born from oneself
  noun (feminine)
  From 'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born) + 'ā' (feminine suffix).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'hariṣye'.

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