वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-42, verse-5

नैव सा निर्गमं लेभे जटामण्डलमोहिता ।
तत्रैवाबभ्रमद्देवी संवत्सरगणान्बहून् ॥५॥

5. naiva sā nirgamaṃ lebhe jaṭāmaṇḍalamohitā ,
tatraivābabhramaddevī saṃvatsaragaṇānbahūn.

5. na eva sā nirgamaṃ lebhe jaṭāmaṇḍalamohitā
tatra eva ābabhramat devī saṃvatsaragaṇān bahūn

5. jaṭāmaṇḍalamohitā sā na eva nirgamaṃ lebhe
tatra eva devī bahūn saṃvatsaragaṇān ābabhramat

5. Bewildered by the mass of matted hair, she (the goddess) could certainly not find an exit. The goddess wandered there for many years.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एव (eva) - certainly (for emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• सा (sā) - she (referring to Ganga) (she, that (feminine))

• निर्गमं (nirgamaṁ) - an exit, a way out (exit, departure, way out)

• लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, found (an exit) (obtained, gained, received)

• जटामण्डलमोहिता (jaṭāmaṇḍalamohitā) - bewildered by Shiva's matted hair (bewildered by the mass of matted hair)

• तत्र (tatra) - right there (on Shiva's head/in his matted hair) (there, in that place)

• एव (eva) - right (for emphasis of location) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• आबभ्रमत् (ābabhramat) - wandered about (without finding a way out) (wandered, roamed about)

• देवी (devī) - the goddess (Ganga) (goddess, queen)

• संवत्सरगणान् (saṁvatsaragaṇān) - many years (groups of years, many years)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (years) (many, much)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

एव (eva) - certainly (for emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

सा (sā) - she (referring to Ganga) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निर्गमं (nirgamaṁ) - an exit, a way out (exit, departure, way out)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirgama

nirgama - exit, departure, egress

Derived from nir-gam (to go out)

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: object of lebhe

लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, found (an exit) (obtained, gained, received)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of labh

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: labh (class 1)

जटामण्डलमोहिता (jaṭāmaṇḍalamohitā) - bewildered by Shiva's matted hair (bewildered by the mass of matted hair)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jaṭāmaṇḍalamohita

jaṭāmaṇḍalamohita - bewildered by the mass of matted hair

Compound type : tatpurusha (jaṭāmaṇḍala+mohita)

• jaṭāmaṇḍala – mass of matted hair, tangle of matted hair
  noun (neuter)
• mohita – bewildered, confused, infatuated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muh (to be bewildered, confused)
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: agreeing with sā and devī

तत्र (tatra) - right there (on Shiva's head/in his matted hair) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that)

एव (eva) - right (for emphasis of location) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

आबभ्रमत् (ābabhramat) - wandered about (without finding a way out) (wandered, roamed about)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhram

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: bhram (class 1)

देवी (devī) - the goddess (Ganga) (goddess, queen)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

Feminine form of deva (god)

Note: Subject of ābabhramat

संवत्सरगणान् (saṁvatsaragaṇān) - many years (groups of years, many years)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃvatsaragaṇa

saṁvatsaragaṇa - group of years

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃvatsara+gaṇa)

• saṃvatsara – year
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates duration, therefore accusative.

बहून् (bahūn) - many (years) (many, much)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: agreeing with saṃvatsaragaṇān

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