वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-42, verse-18

शापात् प्रपतिता ये च गगनाद्वसुधातलम् ।
कृत्वा तत्राभिषेकं ते बभूवुर्गतकल्मषाः ॥१८॥

18. śāpāt prapatitā ye ca gaganādvasudhātalam ,
kṛtvā tatrābhiṣekaṃ te babhūvurgatakalmaṣāḥ.

18. śāpāt prapatitāḥ ye ca gaganāt vasudhātalam
kṛtvā tatra abhiṣekam te babhūvuḥ gatakalmaṣāḥ

18. ye ca śāpāt gaganāt vasudhātalam prapatitāḥ te
tatra abhiṣekam kṛtvā gatakalmaṣāḥ babhūvuḥ

18. And those who had fallen from the sky to the surface of the earth due to a curse, having performed a ritual bath there, became freed from their impurities.

Words meanings summery:

• शापात् (śāpāt) - as a result of a curse (from a curse, by a curse)

• प्रपतिताः (prapatitāḥ) - those who had fallen down (from the sky) (fallen down, descended)

• ये (ye) - those (beings) who (those who, whoever)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the celestial regions (from the sky, from heaven)

• वसुधातलम् (vasudhātalam) - to the earth's surface (to the surface of the earth, to the earth)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (a ritual bath) (having done, having made, having performed)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the water) (there, in that place)

• अभिषेकम् (abhiṣekam) - a ritual purifying bath (ritual bath, anointing, consecration)

• ते (te) - those (beings) (they, those)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became (they became, they were)

• गतकल्मषाः (gatakalmaṣāḥ) - freed from their sins/impurities (freed from impurity, sinless)

Words meanings and morphology

शापात् (śāpāt) - as a result of a curse (from a curse, by a curse)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

From √śap (to curse).

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Indicates cause.

प्रपतिताः (prapatitāḥ) - those who had fallen down (from the sky) (fallen down, descended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prapatita

prapatita - fallen down, descended

Past Passive Participle

From √pat (to fall) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'ye'.

ये (ye) - those (beings) who (those who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the relative clause to the main clause implicitly.

गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the celestial regions (from the sky, from heaven)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, atmosphere, heaven

Note: Indicates source of falling.

वसुधातलम् (vasudhātalam) - to the earth's surface (to the surface of the earth, to the earth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vasudhātala

vasudhātala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound of 'vasudhā' (earth) and 'tala' (surface).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+tala)

• vasudhā – earth
  noun (feminine)
  Another name for earth
• tala – surface, plane
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates destination of falling.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (a ritual bath) (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Absolutive modifying 'te'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the water) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'tad' (that).

Note: Adverb of place. Refers to the location where the water fell.

अभिषेकम् (abhiṣekam) - a ritual purifying bath (ritual bath, anointing, consecration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhiṣeka

abhiṣeka - ritual bath, anointing

From √sic (to sprinkle) with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: sic (class 6)

Note: Direct object of the absolutive 'kṛtvā'.

ते (te) - those (beings) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Subject of the main clause.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became (they became, they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √bhū

Perfect tense, active voice, third person plural, from √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

गतकल्मषाः (gatakalmaṣāḥ) - freed from their sins/impurities (freed from impurity, sinless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gatakalmaṣa

gatakalmaṣa - freed from impurity/sin

Compound of 'gata' (gone, removed) and 'kalmaṣa' (impurity, sin).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+kalmaṣa)

• gata – gone, departed, reached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• kalmaṣa – impurity, sin, defect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective qualifying 'te'.

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