वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-42, verse-17

तत्रर्षिगणगन्धर्वा वसुधातलवासिनः ।
भवाङ्गपतितं तोयं पवित्रमिति पस्पृशुः ॥१७॥

17. tatrarṣigaṇagandharvā vasudhātalavāsinaḥ ,
bhavāṅgapatitaṃ toyaṃ pavitramiti paspṛśuḥ.

17. tatra ṛṣigaṇagandharvāḥ vasudhātalavāsinaḥ
bhavāṅgapatitam toyam pavitram iti paspṛśuḥ

17. tatra ṛṣigaṇagandharvāḥ vasudhātalavāsinaḥ
bhavāṅgapatitam toyam pavitram iti paspṛśuḥ

17. There, hosts of sages and Gandharvas, along with other dwellers on the earth's surface, touched that water, which had fallen upon Shiva's body, considering it sacred.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (on the earth where the water fell) (there, in that place)

• ऋषिगणगन्धर्वाः (ṛṣigaṇagandharvāḥ) - the groups of sages and Gandharvas (hosts of sages and Gandharvas)

• वसुधातलवासिनः (vasudhātalavāsinaḥ) - those who reside on the earth's surface (dwellers on the surface of the earth, earth-dwellers)

• भवाङ्गपतितम् (bhavāṅgapatitam) - fallen onto the body of Shiva (Bhava, an epithet of Shiva) (fallen onto Shiva's body)

• तोयम् (toyam) - the water (of the Ganga) (water)

• पवित्रम् (pavitram) - sacred (implying its sanctity due to contact with Shiva) (pure, sacred, holy)

• इति (iti) - (thinking) thus, (considering it) sacred (thus, so, in this manner)

• पस्पृशुः (paspṛśuḥ) - they reverently touched (the water) (they touched)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (on the earth where the water fell) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'tad' (that).

Note: Adverb of place.

ऋषिगणगन्धर्वाः (ṛṣigaṇagandharvāḥ) - the groups of sages and Gandharvas (hosts of sages and Gandharvas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣigaṇagandharva

ṛṣigaṇagandharva - hosts of sages and Gandharvas

Compound of 'ṛṣi' (sage), 'gaṇa' (host/group), and 'gandharva' (celestial musician).

Compound type : dvandva (ṛṣi+gaṇa+gandharva)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – host, group, multitude
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, demi-god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वसुधातलवासिनः (vasudhātalavāsinaḥ) - those who reside on the earth's surface (dwellers on the surface of the earth, earth-dwellers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasudhātalavāsin

vasudhātalavāsin - dweller on the earth's surface

Compound of 'vasudhātala' (surface of the earth) and 'vāsin' (dweller, agent noun from √vas - to dwell).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasudhātala+vāsin)

• vasudhā – earth
  noun (feminine)
  Another name for earth
• tala – surface, plane
  noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dwelling, resident
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  From root √vas (to dwell).
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `ṛṣigaṇagandharvāḥ`.

भवाङ्गपतितम् (bhavāṅgapatitam) - fallen onto the body of Shiva (Bhava, an epithet of Shiva) (fallen onto Shiva's body)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavāṅgapatita

bhavāṅgapatita - fallen onto Shiva's body

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'bhava' (Shiva), 'aṅga' (body), and 'patita' (fallen, past participle of √pat).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhava+aṅga+patita)

• bhava – Shiva (epithet), existence
  proper noun (masculine)
• aṅga – body, limb
  noun (neuter)
• patita – fallen, descended
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √pat (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'toyam'.

तोयम् (toyam) - the water (of the Ganga) (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

Note: Direct object of the verb 'paspṛśuḥ'.

पवित्रम् (pavitram) - sacred (implying its sanctity due to contact with Shiva) (pure, sacred, holy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pavitra

pavitra - pure, sacred, holy

From root √pū (to purify).

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'toyam' as an object of perception/consideration.

इति (iti) - (thinking) thus, (considering it) sacred (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Often marks quoted speech or thought, or indicates a reason/manner.

Note: Marks indirect statement/reason.

पस्पृशुः (paspṛśuḥ) - they reverently touched (the water) (they touched)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √spṛś

Perfect tense, active voice, third person plural, from √spṛś.

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Verb for the subjects `ṛṣigaṇagandharvāḥ vasudhātalavāsinaḥ`.

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