महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-68, verse-10

अधो न क्षीयते जातु यस्मात्तस्मादधोक्षजः ।
नराणामयनाच्चापि तेन नारायणः स्मृतः ।
पूरणात्सदनाच्चैव ततोऽसौ पुरुषोत्तमः ॥१०॥

10. adho na kṣīyate jātu yasmāttasmādadhokṣajaḥ ,
narāṇāmayanāccāpi tena nārāyaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
pūraṇātsadanāccaiva tato'sau puruṣottamaḥ.

10. adhaḥ na kṣīyate jātu yasmāt tasmāt
adhokṣajaḥ narāṇām ayanāt ca api
tena nārāyaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ pūraṇāt
sadanāt ca eva tataḥ asau puruṣottamaḥ

10. Because He never diminishes (kṣīyate) downwards (adhaḥ) at any time, He is therefore called Adhokṣaja. And also, because He is the ultimate abode (ayana) of all men (nara), He is remembered as Nārāyaṇa. Furthermore, because He fills (pūraṇa) and dwells (sadana) [in all], He is the supreme cosmic person (puruṣottama).

Words meanings summery:

• अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards, below (below, downwards, underneath)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - diminishes, decays (diminishes, decays, perishes, wanes)

• जातु (jātu) - at any time (ever, at any time, certainly)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (from which, because of which, since)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - Adhokṣaja (Adhokṣaja (name of Vishnu/Krishna); one beyond sensory perception; one who never diminishes)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of all men (nara) (of men, of human beings)

• अयनात् (ayanāt) - from being the abode (ayana) (from the abode, from the path, from going)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• तेन (tena) - by that (reason) (by that, by him, by it)

• नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa (Nārāyaṇa (name of Vishnu))

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, called (remembered, called, known as)

• पूरणात् (pūraṇāt) - from filling (pūraṇa) (from filling, from completing, from satisfying)

• सदनात् (sadanāt) - from dwelling (sadana) (from dwelling, from abiding, from sitting)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that (reason) (from that, then, therefore)

• असौ (asau) - he (that (person), he, she)

• पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - the supreme cosmic person (puruṣottama) (the best of men, the supreme person (puruṣottama))

Words meanings and morphology

अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards, below (below, downwards, underneath)

(indeclinable)

Note: The final 'ḥ' undergoes sandhi (visarga becomes 'o').

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - diminishes, decays (diminishes, decays, perishes, wanes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṣī

present passive/middle

9th class, Ātmanepada, present tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: kṣi (class 9)

जातु (jātu) - at any time (ever, at any time, certainly)

(indeclinable)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (from which, because of which, since)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, that; because, since

Note: Used adverbially meaning 'because'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially meaning 'therefore'.

अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - Adhokṣaja (Adhokṣaja (name of Vishnu/Krishna); one beyond sensory perception; one who never diminishes)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhokṣaja

adhokṣaja - Adhokṣaja (name of Vishnu/Krishna); one who is beyond the sphere of the senses; one who never diminishes (from adhaḥ kṣīyate)

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of all men (nara) (of men, of human beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

अयनात् (ayanāt) - from being the abode (ayana) (from the abode, from the path, from going)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ayana

ayana - going, coming, path, course, abode, refuge, goal

From root √i (to go) with suffix 'ana'.

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially meaning 'because of being the abode'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that (reason) (by that, by him, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the preceding reason.

नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa (Nārāyaṇa (name of Vishnu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Nārāyaṇa (name of Vishnu); abode of men/beings (nāra + ayana); resting on the waters

Derived from 'nara' (man/beings) and 'ayana' (abode, course).

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, called (remembered, called, known as)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, called, thought of, known

past passive participle

From root √smṛ (to remember), past passive participle, masculine nominative singular.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Nārāyaṇa.

पूरणात् (pūraṇāt) - from filling (pūraṇa) (from filling, from completing, from satisfying)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pūraṇa

pūraṇa - filling, completing, satisfying, pervading

From root √pūr (to fill) with suffix 'ana'.

Root: pūr (class 10)

Note: Used adverbially meaning 'because of filling'.

सदनात् (sadanāt) - from dwelling (sadana) (from dwelling, from abiding, from sitting)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sadana

sadana - dwelling, abiding, sitting, abode, house

From root √sad (to sit, dwell) with suffix 'ana'.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially meaning 'because of dwelling'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

ततः (tataḥ) - from that (reason) (from that, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'tad', used adverbially.

असौ (asau) - he (that (person), he, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, he, she, it (remote demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'adas'.

पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - the supreme cosmic person (puruṣottama) (the best of men, the supreme person (puruṣottama))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣottama

puruṣottama - the best of men, the supreme person (puruṣottama)

Compound of 'puruṣa' (person/cosmic being) and 'uttama' (supreme, best).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa or karmadhāraya (puruṣa+uttama)

• puruṣa – man, male, person, spirit, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective