महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-26, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथाब्रवीन्महावीर्यो द्रोणस्तत्त्वार्थदर्शिवान् ।
न तादृशा विनश्यन्ति नापि यान्ति पराभवम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
athābravīnmahāvīryo droṇastattvārthadarśivān ,
na tādṛśā vinaśyanti nāpi yānti parābhavam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca atha abrāvīt mahāvīryaḥ droṇaḥ
tattvārthadarśivān na tādṛśā vinaśyanti na api yānti parābhavam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then the greatly valorous Droṇa, who perceived the true nature of reality, spoke: 'Such individuals do not perish, nor do they experience defeat.'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator in Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• अब्रावीत् (abrāvīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous (greatly powerful, greatly valorous, mighty hero)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas))

• तत्त्वार्थदर्शिवान् (tattvārthadarśivān) - who perceived the true nature of reality (one who perceives the true meaning, one who discerns the essence of reality)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तादृशा (tādṛśā) - such individuals (such, such like, like them)

• विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - do perish (they perish, they are destroyed)

• न (na) - nor (not)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

• यान्ति (yānti) - they experience (they go, they move, they attain)

• पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat (defeat, humiliation, destruction, ruin)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator in Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a celebrated sage, a pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Narrator's action.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

अब्रावीत् (abrāvīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Augment 'a' indicates past tense.

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous (greatly powerful, greatly valorous, mighty hero)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great energy/valor/power, a great hero

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• vīrya – valor, strength, energy, potency
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vī (class 1)

Note: Adjective for Droṇa.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa, a Brahmin warrior and royal guru in the Mahābhārata

Note: Subject of `abrāvīt`.

तत्त्वार्थदर्शिवान् (tattvārthadarśivān) - who perceived the true nature of reality (one who perceives the true meaning, one who discerns the essence of reality)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tattvārthadarśin

tattvārthadarśin - seer of the true meaning/reality, discerning the essence

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tattvārtha+darśin)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• darśin – seeing, showing, one who sees
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Adjective for Droṇa, with an '-in' suffix indicating an agent.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

तादृशा (tādṛśā) - such individuals (such, such like, like them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, such like, similar to that

Note: Refers to individuals (like Pāṇḍavas) described in succeeding verses.

विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - do perish (they perish, they are destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Verb for `tādṛśā`.

न (na) - nor (not)

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of `na api`.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms `nāpi` (nor).

यान्ति (yānti) - they experience (they go, they move, they attain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for `tādṛśā`.

पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat (defeat, humiliation, destruction, ruin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, humiliation, destruction, contempt

From parā-bhū (to be defeated)

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `yānti`.