महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-59, verse-7

समुच्चरन्त्यतिवादा हि वक्त्राद्यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि ।
परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति तान्पण्डितो नावसृजेत्परेषु ॥७॥

7. samuccarantyativādā hi vaktrā;dyairāhataḥ śocati rātryahāni ,
parasya nāmarmasu te patanti; tānpaṇḍito nāvasṛjetpareṣu.

7. samuccaranti ativādāḥ hi vaktrāt
yaiḥ āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni
parasya na amarmasu te patanti
tān paṇḍitaḥ na avasṛjet pareṣu

7. Indeed, excessive words issue forth from the mouth. One who is struck by them grieves day and night. Such words pierce the vital spots of others. Therefore, a wise person should not utter them against others.

Words meanings summery:

• समुच्चरन्ति (samuccaranti) - they issue forth, they rise up, they proceed

• अतिवादाः (ativādāḥ) - excessive words, harsh words, reproaches

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth, from the face

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (words) (by which)

• आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, wounded, smitten

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

• रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - for day and night (duration of grief) (nights and days, day and night)

• परस्य (parasya) - of another, another's

• न (na) - not, no

• अमर्मसु (amarmasu) - implies they hit the vital spots (not the non-vital ones) (on non-vital spots, on non-vulnerable parts)

• ते (te) - those (words) (they)

• पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall, they strike

• तान् (tān) - them (the excessive words) (them)

• पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, a scholar

• न (na) - not, no

• अवसृजेत् (avasṛjet) - should utter, should release, should throw

• परेषु (pareṣu) - at/upon others

Words meanings and morphology

समुच्चरन्ति (samuccaranti) - they issue forth, they rise up, they proceed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of car

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: car (class 1)

अतिवादाः (ativādāḥ) - excessive words, harsh words, reproaches

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ativāda

ativāda - reproach, abuse, excessive talk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+vāda)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, excessive
  indeclinable
• vāda – speech, statement, doctrine, dispute
  noun (masculine)
  from root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth, from the face

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vaktra

vaktra - mouth, face, snout

यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (words) (by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck, wounded, smitten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhata

āhata - struck, wounded, smitten

Past Passive Participle

from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - for day and night (duration of grief) (nights and days, day and night)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rātryahan

rātryahan - day and night

Compound type : dvandva (rātri+ahan)

• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)
• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)

परस्य (parasya) - of another, another's

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अमर्मसु (amarmasu) - implies they hit the vital spots (not the non-vital ones) (on non-vital spots, on non-vulnerable parts)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of amarman

amarman - a non-vital part of the body, not a vulnerable point

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+marman)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• marman – a vital spot, vulnerable point, secret
  noun (neuter)

ते (te) - those (words) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall, they strike

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

तान् (tān) - them (the excessive words) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, a scholar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - learned, wise, scholar, pundit

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवसृजेत् (avasṛjet) - should utter, should release, should throw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of sṛj

Prefix: ava

Root: sṛj (class 6)

परेषु (pareṣu) - at/upon others

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, stranger