महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-59, verse-11

मज्जन्त्यलाबूनि शिलाः प्लवन्ते मुह्यन्ति नावोऽम्भसि शश्वदेव ।
मूढो राजा धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्रो न मे वाचः पथ्यरूपाः शृणोति ॥११॥

11. majjantyalābūni śilāḥ plavante; muhyanti nāvo'mbhasi śaśvadeva ,
mūḍho rājā dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putro; na me vācaḥ pathyarūpāḥ śṛṇoti.

11. majjanti alābūni śilāḥ plavante
muhyanti nāvaḥ ambhasi śaśvat eva
mūḍhaḥ rājā dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraḥ
na me vācaḥ pathyarūpāḥ śṛṇoti

11. Gourds sink, rocks float, and boats are always bewildered in the water (ambhas). Similarly, the foolish king, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, does not listen to my beneficial words.

Words meanings summery:

• मज्जन्ति (majjanti) - they sink, they drown

• अलाबूनि (alābūni) - gourds

• शिलाः (śilāḥ) - rocks, stones

• प्लवन्ते (plavante) - they float, they swim

• मुह्यन्ति (muhyanti) - they are bewildered, they faint, they are confused

• नावः (nāvaḥ) - boats, ships

• अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water

• शश्वत् (śaśvat) - always, perpetually, constantly

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded

• राजा (rājā) - king

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

• पथ्यरूपाः (pathyarūpāḥ) - beneficial, salutary, wholesome

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - he hears, he listens

Words meanings and morphology

मज्जन्ति (majjanti) - they sink, they drown

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of majj

Present Active Indicative

Root MAJJ (मज्ज्), 6th conjugation (tudādi), active voice.

Root: MAJJ (class 6)

अलाबूनि (alābūni) - gourds

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of alābū

alābū - gourd, bottle-gourd

Note: Subject of 'majjanti'.

शिलाः (śilāḥ) - rocks, stones

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śilā

śilā - stone, rock, slab

Note: Subject of 'plavante'.

प्लवन्ते (plavante) - they float, they swim

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of plu

Present Middle Indicative

Root PLU (प्लु), 1st conjugation (bhvādi), middle voice.

Root: PLU (class 1)

मुह्यन्ति (muhyanti) - they are bewildered, they faint, they are confused

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of muh

Present Active Indicative

Root MUH (मुह्), 4th conjugation (divādi), active voice.

Root: MUH (class 4)

नावः (nāvaḥ) - boats, ships

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nau

nau - boat, ship, vessel

Note: Subject of 'muhyanti'.

अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water, fluid

शश्वत् (śaśvat) - always, perpetually, constantly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, ignorant, bewildered, deluded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root MUH (मुह्) 'to be bewildered'.

Root: MUH (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Note: Subject of 'na śṛṇoti'.

धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name, the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

Note: Possessive, 'of Dhṛtarāṣṭra'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: In apposition to 'rājā', referring to Duryodhana.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive, 'my', referring to Vidura's words.

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

Note: Object of 'śṛṇoti'.

पथ्यरूपाः (pathyarūpāḥ) - beneficial, salutary, wholesome

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of pathyarūpa

pathyarūpa - having a beneficial form, salutary, wholesome, advantageous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pathya+rūpa)

• pathya – suitable, proper, wholesome, beneficial
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Derived from PATH (पठ्) 'to go, to move' with suffix -ya (य), or related to PATHA (पथ) 'path'.
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'vācaḥ'.

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - he hears, he listens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śru

Present Active Indicative

Root ŚRU (श्रु), 5th conjugation (svādi), active voice.

Root: ŚRU (class 5)