महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-42, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा नृपो विद्वान्हृष्टोऽभूज्जनमेजयः ।
पितामहानां सर्वेषां गमनागमनं तदा ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
etacchrutvā nṛpo vidvānhṛṣṭo'bhūjjanamejayaḥ ,
pitāmahānāṁ sarveṣāṁ gamanāgamanaṁ tadā.

1. sūta uvāca etat śrutvā nṛpaḥ vidvān hṛṣṭaḥ abhūt
janamejayaḥ pitāmahānām sarveṣām gamanāgamanam tadā

1. sūta uvāca janamejayaḥ nṛpaḥ vidvān etat śrutvā tadā
sarveṣām pitāmahānām gamanāgamanam hṛṣṭaḥ abhūt

1. Sūta said: Having heard this, the learned King Janamejaya then became delighted regarding the coming and going of all his ancestors.

Words meanings summery:

• सूत (sūta) - Sūta (Ugraśravas), the narrator of the Mahābhārata (charioteer, bard, narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - this (story/narrative) (this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Janamejaya (king, ruler)

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyful

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

• जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - King Janamejaya (listener of the Mahābhārata) (Janamejaya (name of a king))

• पितामहानाम् (pitāmahānām) - of the grandfathers, of the ancestors

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• गमनागमनम् (gamanāgamanam) - the events of their coming and going (in the story or as spirits) (coming and going, arrival and departure, movement)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

सूत (sūta) - Sūta (Ugraśravas), the narrator of the Mahābhārata (charioteer, bard, narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, storyteller (a class of mixed caste)

Root: sū (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Irregular perfect form from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this (story/narrative) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root śru with suffix ktvā

Root: śru (class 5)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Janamejaya (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

From nṛ (man) + pā (to protect)

Root: pā (class 2)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - learned, wise, knowing

Present Active Participle

From root vid (to know) with suffix śatṛ

Root: vid (class 2)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, pleased, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be thrilled) with suffix kta

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

अभूत् (abhūt) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist (Past Tense)

Aorist form with augment a-

Root: bhū (class 1)

जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - King Janamejaya (listener of the Mahābhārata) (Janamejaya (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (a king of the Kuru dynasty, son of Parikṣit)

पितामहानाम् (pitāmahānām) - of the grandfathers, of the ancestors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, ancestor

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

गमनागमनम् (gamanāgamanam) - the events of their coming and going (in the story or as spirits) (coming and going, arrival and departure, movement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gamanāgamana

gamanāgamana - coming and going, movement, repeated arrival and departure

Dvandva compound of gamana and āgamana

Compound type : dvandva (gamana+āgamana)

• gamana – going, movement, departure
  noun (neuter)
  Noun of action
  from root gam with suffix lyuṭ
  Root: gam (class 1)
• āgamana – coming, arrival, return
  noun (neuter)
  Noun of action
  from root gam with prefix ā and suffix lyuṭ
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Accusative because it's the object of the delight, 'regarding'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from pronoun tad