महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-40, verse-3

पर्यायवाचकैः शब्दैर्महानात्मा विभाव्यते ।
तं जानन्ब्राह्मणो विद्वान्न प्रमोहं निगच्छति ॥३॥

3. paryāyavācakaiḥ śabdairmahānātmā vibhāvyate ,
taṁ jānanbrāhmaṇo vidvānna pramohaṁ nigacchati.

3. paryāyavācakaiḥ śabdaiḥ mahān ātmā vibhāvyate
tam jānan brāhmaṇaḥ vidvān na pramoham nigacchati

3. mahān ātmā paryāyavācakaiḥ śabdaiḥ vibhāvyate
tam jānan vidvān brāhmaṇaḥ pramoham na nigacchati

3. The great (ātman) is understood through various synonymous terms. A learned Brahmin, knowing that (ātman), does not fall into delusion.

Words meanings summery:

• पर्यायवाचकैः (paryāyavācakaiḥ) - by synonymous expressions, by words signifying alternatives

• शब्दैः (śabdaiḥ) - by words, by sounds

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the cosmic intellect or principle (Mahat) (self, soul, spirit, the Supreme Spirit, individual soul)

• विभाव्यते (vibhāvyate) - is perceived, is understood, is described

• तम् (tam) - that (ātman) mentioned previously (him, that)

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, one who knows

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class)

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise, knowing

• न (na) - not

• प्रमोहम् (pramoham) - great delusion, deep confusion

• निगच्छति (nigacchati) - falls into (obtains, reaches, falls into)

Words meanings and morphology

पर्यायवाचकैः (paryāyavācakaiḥ) - by synonymous expressions, by words signifying alternatives

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paryāyavācaka

paryāyavācaka - synonymous, indicating alternatives

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paryāya+vācaka)

• paryāya – succession, turn, alternative, synonym
  noun (masculine)
• vācaka – speaking, expressive of, signifying
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'vac' (to speak) + '-aka' suffix
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with śabdaiḥ.

शब्दैः (śabdaiḥ) - by words, by sounds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śabda

śabda - word, sound, voice

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast; the great principle (cosmic intellect)

Note: Agrees with ātmā.

आत्मा (ātmā) - the cosmic intellect or principle (Mahat) (self, soul, spirit, the Supreme Spirit, individual soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, Supreme Spirit, essence, intellect

Note: Subject of the passive verb vibhāvyate.

विभाव्यते (vibhāvyate) - is perceived, is understood, is described

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vibhā

present passive

Present 3rd singular passive of 'vi' + 'bhā' (to shine, perceive)

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (ātman) mentioned previously (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of jānan.

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, one who knows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, perceiving

present active participle

Present active participle of root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇaḥ and vidvān.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class; related to brahman

Note: Subject of nigacchati.

विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise, knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - learned, wise, knowing, scholar

present active participle

Present active participle of root 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇaḥ.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb nigacchati.

प्रमोहम् (pramoham) - great delusion, deep confusion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pramoha

pramoha - great delusion, deep confusion, infatuation

From 'pra' + 'moh' (to be bewildered)

Prefix: pra

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Object of nigacchati.

निगच्छति (nigacchati) - falls into (obtains, reaches, falls into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of nigam

present active

Present 3rd singular active of 'ni' + 'gam' (to go)

Prefix: ni

Root: gam (class 1)