महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-32, verse-7

अतोऽन्यथा वर्तमानो राजा प्राप्नोति किल्बिषम् ।
धर्मं विनश्यमानं हि यो न रक्षेत्स धर्महा ॥७॥

7. ato'nyathā vartamāno rājā prāpnoti kilbiṣam ,
dharmaṁ vinaśyamānaṁ hi yo na rakṣetsa dharmahā.

7. atas anyathā vartamānaḥ rājā prāpnoti kilbiṣam
dharmam vinaśyamānam hi yaḥ na rakṣet saḥ dharmahan

7. ataḥ anyathā vartamānaḥ rājā kilbiṣam prāpnoti,
hi yaḥ vinaśyamānam dharmam na rakṣet,
saḥ dharmahan (bhavati)

7. A king who acts otherwise incurs sin, for whoever fails to protect dharma as it is being destroyed is a killer of dharma.

Words meanings summery:

• अतस् (atas) - from this, hence, therefore

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

• वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - behaving, conducting oneself, existing

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, incurs, attains

• किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin, fault, wrong

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma, righteousness, moral law

• विनश्यमानम् (vinaśyamānam) - being destroyed, perishing, being ruined

• हि (hi) - for, because, indeed

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• न (na) - not

• रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - should protect, would protect

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• धर्महन् (dharmahan) - killer of dharma, destroyer of righteousness

Words meanings and morphology

अतस् (atas) - from this, hence, therefore

(indeclinable)

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

(indeclinable)

वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - behaving, conducting oneself, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being present, conducting oneself

Present active participle

From root vṛt with āna

Root: vṛt (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, incurs, attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin, fault, wrong

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, fault, transgression

धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma, righteousness, moral law

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - dharma, righteousness, moral law, duty

विनश्यमानम् (vinaśyamānam) - being destroyed, perishing, being ruined

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinaśyamāna

vinaśyamāna - being destroyed, perishing

Present passive participle

From root naś with vi, in passive voice

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

हि (hi) - for, because, indeed

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - should protect, would protect

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

धर्महन् (dharmahan) - killer of dharma, destroyer of righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmahant

dharmahant - destroyer of dharma, killer of righteousness

Compound formed from dharma and hant

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dharma+hant)

• dharma – dharma, righteousness, moral law, duty
  noun (masculine)
• hant – killer, slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  from root han
  Root: han (class 2)

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