महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-32, verse-2

प्रजानां पालनं धर्मो राज्ञां राजीवलोचन ।
धर्मः प्रमाणं लोकस्य नित्यं धर्मानुवर्तनम् ॥२॥

2. prajānāṁ pālanaṁ dharmo rājñāṁ rājīvalocana ,
dharmaḥ pramāṇaṁ lokasya nityaṁ dharmānuvartanam.

2. prajānām pālanam dharmaḥ rājñām rājīvalocana |
dharmaḥ pramāṇam lokasya nityam dharmānuvartanam

2. rājīvalocana rājñām prajānām pālanam dharmaḥ
lokasya pramāṇam nityam dharmānuvartanam dharmaḥ

2. O lotus-eyed one, protecting the subjects is the duty of kings, and constant adherence to dharma is the universal standard for the world.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the subjects, of the people

• पालनम् (pālanam) - protecting, guarding, maintenance

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty of a ruler (duty, innate nature, righteousness)

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, of rulers

• राजीवलोचन (rājīvalocana) - addressing a king or noble person (O lotus-eyed one)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, righteousness, dharma

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - standard, authority, measure

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of people

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, eternal

• धर्मानुवर्तनम् (dharmānuvartanam) - following dharma, adherence to righteousness

Words meanings and morphology

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the subjects, of the people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - subject, offspring, progeny, people

पालनम् (pālanam) - protecting, guarding, maintenance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pālana

pālana - protecting, guarding, nurturing

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty of a ruler (duty, innate nature, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, innate nature, natural law, duty, righteousness

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, of rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

राजीवलोचन (rājīvalocana) - addressing a king or noble person (O lotus-eyed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājīvalocana

rājīvalocana - lotus-eyed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rājīva+locana)

• rājīva – blue lotus
  noun (neuter)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, righteousness, dharma

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, innate nature, natural law, duty, righteousness

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - standard, authority, measure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - standard of authority, proof, measure

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, eternal

(adverb)

Note: used adverbially here as constantly

धर्मानुवर्तनम् (dharmānuvartanam) - following dharma, adherence to righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmānuvartana

dharmānuvartana - following dharma, adherence to righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+anuvartana)

• dharma – constitution, innate nature, natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• anuvartana – following, obedience, compliance
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: anu

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